the: fraction. ri in n fatty Pde: ‘The colons whiel is obtained along with_acids, 
med by the decomposition of the aqueous portion of the slime distillation, is almost 
» and contains no furfural. . 
me For. the purpose. ‘of amplifying earlier dontabunonese i, v. Auwers”) published the 
4 results of fresh researches, especially on cyclohexanes. By a series of examples he 
- - was- _ able to confirm the validity of the rules laid down by him on the relations’ 
i. between constitution and physical properties of hydroaromatic compounds, and to 
=. dispose of a few apparent exceptions to these rules. According to earlier, data, the 
ah ,1,3-trimethylcyclohexane was Said to possess the lowest density of the 3 trimethyl- 
= ~ cyelohexanes investigated, although as a rule, the Specific gravity usually rises with 
fact, this exception does not exist. In studying the 1,2,4,5-tetramethylcyclohexane it 
_ turned out that a preparation which was obtained’ from — hexahydropseudocumene 
3 according to the method of Sabatier, agreed in its constants with the rule. On the 
E Sa contrary, a _tetramethyleyclohexane prepared by reduction of durene with platinum and 
_cumenol), the proof was able to be produced, that the two different hydrogenating 
_methods led to widely different forms of the cyclohexane derivatives. The products 
of hydrogenation after the method of Skita and Willstatter, if methylated many times, 
: possess higher densities and refractive indices than those obtained by Sabatier’s method; 
but on the contrary, lower molecular refractions. From the formerly established rales 
Se iti is to be inferred that the substituents lie closer to one another in the former products; 
- that is they consist mostly of cis-modifications, whilst the more violent Sabatier process 
yields more trans-modifications. 
vee 
"taal 
gyycetexanes, cyclohexenes, cyclohexanols, cyclohexanones — are to be found in the experi- 
_ mental section of the work. 
ae 
i Dp Sinionc. — By the sirect nitration of cymene, O. Aschan and Terasvuori*) obtained 
ee small yield of 2-mononitrocymene (ds;0 1.067). Further Aschan and Per Ekkwall 
allowed cymene, with constant stirring, to drop into’ strongly cooled nitric acid (d 1.52), 
and obtained, by means of repeated fractional crystallisation: — (1). The compound 
~CisHi700Ns (m. p. 70°), yellow needles soluble in benzene, which yielded an amine 
on reduction with ammonium sulphide. (2). 3,0-dinitro-p-cymene (m. p. 54°), white-green 
* 
A Pia 
Rew oa 
, har 
7, i 
Y a site 
ras, 
. reduction. In diazotising this amine nitrocarvacrol (m. p. 116 to 117) appeared as by- 
product. (3). The nitro compound CyoHi205N2 (m. p. 90 to 91°), prisms or tablets; 
which probably represented the dinitrohydroxy compound of p-cymene, perhaps having 
_ the formula C,H.CH,[1]l(NO,)Q[2, 61. C(OH)(CH,).19. 
errs Shania’ 
ia: Wd ie Menitiiadione — G. G. Henderson and T. F. Smeaton) obtained a m-menthadiene 
es containing two ethylene linkages in the benzene ring. From m-isocymene via the sulphonic 
ah acid, they first prepared 6-hydroxy- m-isocymene (b. p. 231°), which was further worked up 
pho Be A aie to the process described by Henderson and Schotz 
Bran wee Sactwagit 
. a 3 hoy 
i, 2 eat Py Cf. Report October 1915, 62. — 7?) Liebig’s Annalen 420 (1920), 84. — *) Finska Kemistsamfundets 
| Meddelanden. As per Chem. Zentralbl. 1919, 1. 227. — *) Jowrn. chem. Soc. 117 (1920), 144. 
increase of methyl. groups. The latest re-examination has shown that, as a matter of © 
7 hydrogen, in the presence of glacial acetic acid, according to the, method of Skita and — 
a : - Willstatter— on account of its properties, fell far away from the series of all other 
-cyclohexanes. By searching experiments on structurally related simpler material (pseudo- -_ 
The constants of the preparations investigated and the methods of ppeainine them ae 
3 tablets, soluble in hot alcohol, which were converted into nitrocarvacrylamine on ~ 
