52 BERBERIDACE^E. (BARBERRY FAMILY.) 



3. CALYCOCARPUM, Nutt Cupseed. 



Sepals 6. Petals none. Stamens 12 in the sterile flowers, short: anthers 

 2-celled. Pistils 3, spindle-shaped, tipped with a radiate many-cleft stigma. 

 Drupe not incurved ; but the thin crustaceous putamen hollowed out like a cup 

 on one side. Embryo foliaceous, heart-shaped. — Flowers greenish-white, in 

 long racemose panicles. (Name composed of xakvi-, a cup, and Kapnos, fruit, 

 from the shape of the shell.) 



1. C. Lydni, Nutt. (Menispermum Lyoni, Pursh.) — Rich soil, S. Ken- 

 tucky and southward. May. — Stems climbing to the tops of trees. Leaves 

 large, thin, deeply 3 - 5-lobed, cordate at the base ; the lobes acuminate. Drupe 

 an inch long, globular, greenish ; the shell crested-toothed on the edge of the 

 cavity. 



Order 5. BERBEKIDACE^E. (Barberry Family.) 



Shrubs or herbs, with the sepals and petals both imbricated in the bud in 

 two or more rows of 2-4 each; the hypogynous stamens as many as the 

 petals and opposite to them : anthers opening by 2 valves or lids hinged at 

 the top. (Podophyllum is an exception, and Jeffersonia as respects the 

 sepals in one row.) Pistil single. Filaments short. Style short or none. 

 Fruit a berry or a pod. Seeds few or several, anatropous, with albumen. 

 Embryo small, except in Berberis. Leaves alternate. 



* Petals and stamens 6. Fruit few-seeded. 



1. Berberis. Shrubs, with yellow flowers and wood ; a pair of glandular spots on the base of 



each petal. Fruit a berry. 



2. Caulophyllum. Herb, with greenish flowers: petals thick, much shorter than the 



sepals. Ovary soon bursting ; the two seeds left naked. 



3. Dipliylleia. Herb with white flowers; petals much longer than sepals. Berry 2-4« 



** Petals 6-9 Stamens 8 -18. Fruit many-seeded. Herbs. 



4. Jeffersonia. Petals and stamens usually 8 : anthers opening by uplifted valves. Pod 



opening by a lid. 



5. Podophyllum. Petals 6-9. Stamens 12 -18 : anthers not opening by uplifted valves. 



Fruit a large berry. 



1. BERBERIS, L. Barberry. 



Sepals 6, roundish, with 2-6 bractlets outside. Petals 6, obovate, concave, 

 with two glandular spots inside above the short claw. Stamens 6. Stigma 

 circular, depressed. Fruit a 1 - few-seeded berry. Seeds erect, with a crusta- 

 ceous integument. — Shrubs, with yellow wood and inner bark, yellow flowers 

 in drooping racemes, sour berries, and 1 -9-foliolate leaves. Stamens irritable. 

 (Derived from Berberys, the Arabic name of the fruit.) 



1. B. vulgaris, L. (Common Barberry.) Leaves scattered on the fresh 

 shoots of the season, mostly reduced to sharp triple or branched spines; from 

 which the next season proceed rosettes or fascicles of obovate-oblong closely 

 bristly-toothed leaves (the short petiole jointed!), and drooping many-flowered 

 racemes ; petals entire ; berries oblong, scarlet. — Thickets and waste grounds m 



