PAPAVERACEiE. (POPPY FAMILY.) 59 



with a white juice ; the flower-buds nodding. (Derivation obscure.) — Three 

 annual species of the Old World are sparingly adventive ; viz. : 



1. P. somniferum, L. (Common Poppy.) Smooth, glaucous ; leaves 

 clasping, wavy, incised and toothed ; pod globose; corolla mostly white or pur- 

 ple. — Near dwellings in some places. (Adv. from Eu.) 



2. P. dubium, L. (Smooth-fruited Corn-Poppy.) Pinnatifid leaves 

 and the long stalks bristly ; pods club-shaped, smooth ; corolla light scarlet. — 

 Cult, grounds, Westchester, Penn. and southward: rare. (Adv. from Eu) 



3. P. Argem6ne, L. (Rough-fruited C.) Smaller, with finer-cut 

 leaves and paler flowers than the last ; pods club-shaped and bristly. — Waste 

 grounds, near Philadelphia, .Mr. Dieffenbaugh. (Adv. from Eu.) 



2. ARGEMONE, L. Prickly Poppy. 



Sepals 2 or 3, often prickly. Petals 4-6. Style almost none : stigmas 3- 

 6, radiate. Pod oblong, prickly, opening by 3 - 6 valves at the top. Seeds 

 crested. — Annuals or biennials, with prickly bristles and yellow juice. Leaves 

 sessile, sinuate-lobed, and with prickly teeth, often blotched with white. Flower- 

 buds erect, short-peduncled. (Name from apye/xa, a disease of the eye, for 

 which the juice was a supposed remedy.) 



1. A. MexicAna, L. (Mexican P.) Flowers yellow, rarely white. — 

 Waste places, southward. July -Oct. (Adv. from trop. Amer.) 



3. STYLOPHORUM, Nutt. Celandine Poppy. 



Sepals 2, hairy. Petals 4. Style distinct, columnar: stigma 2-4-lobed. 

 Pods bristly, 2 - 4-valved to the base. Seeds conspicuously crested. — Peren- 

 nial low herbs, with stems naked below and oppositely 2-leaved, or sometimes 

 1 - 3-leaved, and umhellately 1 - few-flowered at the summit; the flower-buds 

 and the pods nodding. Leaves pinnately parted or divided. Juice yellow. 

 (Name from o-tv\os, style, and <pep<o, I bear, indicating one of the distinctive 

 characters.) 



1. S. dip helium, Nutt. Leaves pale or glaucous beneath, smoothish, 

 deeply pinnatifid into 5 or 7 oblong sinuate-lobed divisions, and the root-leaves 

 often with a pair of smaller and distinct leaflets ; peduncles equalling the 

 petioles; flower deep yellow (2' broad) ; stigmas 3 or 4 ; pod oval. — Damp 

 woods, W. Penn. to Wisconsin, and southward. May. —Foliage and flower 

 resembling Celandine. 



4. CHELIDONIUM, L. Celandine. 



"Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens 16-24. Style nearly none : stigma 2-lobed. 

 Pod linear, slender, smooth, 2-valved, the valves opening from the bottom up- 

 wards. Seeds crested. — Biennial herb with brittle stems, saffron-colored acrid 

 juice, pinnately divided or 2-pinnatifid and toothed or cut leaves, and small yel- 

 low flowers in a pedunculate umbel ; the buds nodding. (Name from ye AtSwi/, 

 the Swallow, because, according to Dioscorides, it begins to flower at the trims 

 the swallows appear.) 



