80 cistace^:. (ROCK-ROSE family.) 



* * * Leaf-bearing throughout from an annual, biennial, or sometimes short-lived 

 perennial root ; the stipules large, leaf-like and lyrate-pinnatifid. 

 17. V. tricolor, L. (Pansy. Heart's-ease.) Stem angled and 

 branched ; leaves roundish, or the upper oval and the lowest heart-shaped, 

 crenate or entire; petals variable in color or variegated fellow, whitish, 

 violet-blue and purple) ; — in var. arvensis shorter or little longer than the 

 calyx. — Dry or sandy soil, New York to Illinois and southward: the variety 

 seeming like a native plant. April- Sept. (Nat. from Eu.) 



Order 14. CIST ACE JE. (Rock-rose Family.) 



Low shrubs or herbs, with regular flowers, distinct and hypogynous mostly 

 'indefinite stamens, a persistent calyx, a 1-celled 3 - 5-valved pod with as 

 many parietal placental borne on the middle of the valves, and orthotropous 

 albuminous seeds. — Sepals 5 ; the two external often small, like bracts, 

 or sometimes wanting ; the three others a little twisted in the bud. Petals 

 3 or 5, convolute in the opposite direction from the calyx in the bud. An- 

 thers short, innate, on slender filaments. Style single or none. Ovules 

 few or many, on slender stalks, with the orifice at their apex. Embryo 

 long and slender, straightish or curved, in mealy albumen : cotyledons 

 narrow. — Leaves simple and mostly entire, the lower usually opposite, 

 and the upper alternate. (Inert plants. A small family : mostly of the 

 Mediterranean region.) 



1. Heliantliemum. Petals 5, crumpled in the bud, fugacious. Stamens and ovules nu- 



merous in the petal-bearing flowers. 



2. Hudsonia. Petals 5, fugacious. Stamens 9-30. Style long and slender. Pod strictly 



1-celled, 2 - 6-seeded. 



3. Lecliea. Petals 3, persistent Stamens 3 -12. Style none. Pod partly 3-celled, the im- 



perfect partitions bearing broad 2-seeded placentae. 



1. HELIANTHEMUM, Tourn. Rock-rose. 



Petals 5, crumpled in the bud, fugacious. Style short or none in our species : 

 stigma 3dobed. Capsule strictly 1 -celled. Embryo curved in the form of a 

 hook or ring. — Flowers in most N. American species of two sorts, viz., 1. the 

 primary or earlier ones, with large petals, indefinitely numerous stamens, and 

 many-seeded pods ; 2. secondary, or later ones, which are much smaller and in 

 clusters, with small petals or none, 3-10 stamens, and much smaller 3 -few- 

 seeded pods. The yellow flowers open only once, in sunshine, and cast their 

 petals by the next day. (Name from fjXios, the sun, and avdefiov, flower.) 



1. H. Canadense, Michx. (Frost-weed.) Petal-bearing flowers soli- 

 tary; the small secondary flowers clustered in the axils of the leaves, nearly sessile; 

 calyx of the large flowers hairy -pubescent ; of the small ones hoary, like the 

 stem and lower side of the lanceolate-oblong leaves. — A variety is more hoary, 

 and with a stronger tendency to multiply the minute clustered flowers. — Sandy 

 or gravelly dry soil, Maine to Wisconsin and southward. June -Aug. — Stems 

 at first simple. Corolla of the large flowers 1' wide, producing pods 3" long: 



