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MALVACE^. (MALLOW FAMILY). 



duncles crowded on the stem and branches, the fruit downy : has escaped from 

 gardens to waysides. (Adv. from Eu.) 



5. M. Alcea, L., with the stem-leaves only once 5-parted or cleft, the lobes 

 incised, large flowers like No. 4, but the fruit smooth, and bractlets of the 

 involucel ovate: has escaped from gardens in Chester Co., Penn. (Adv. 

 from Eu.) 



3. CALLiRRHOE, Nutt. Callirrhoe. 



Calyx either naked or with a 3-leaved involucel at its base. Petals wedge- 

 shaped and truncate (usually red-purple). Styles, &c. as in Malva. Carpels 

 10-20, straightish, with a short empty beak, separated within from the 1- 

 seeded cell by a narrow projection, indehiscent or partly 2-valved. Radicle 

 pointing downwards. — Flowers perfect. 



1. C. triangul&ta, Gray. Hairy-pubescent; stems nearly erect (2° 

 high) from a tuberous root ; leaves triangular or halberd-shaped, or the lowest 

 rather heart-shaped, coarsely crenate ; the upper incised or 3 - 5-cleft ; flowers 

 panicled, short-pedicelled (purple) ; involucel as long as the calyx ; carpels short- 

 pointed, crestless. (Malva triangulata, Leavenworth. M. Houghtonii, Torr. Sf 

 Gray.) — Dry prairies, Wisconsin, Illinois, and southward. July. 



2. C. alcseoides, Gray. Strigose-pubescent ; stems slender (1° high) 

 from a perennial root ; lower leaves triangular-heart-shaped, incised ; the upper 

 5-7-parted, laciniate, the uppermost divided into linear segments ; flowers 

 corymbose, on slender peduncles (rose-color or white); involucel none ; carpels 

 obtusely beaked, crested and strongly wrinkled on the back. (Sida alcseoides. 

 Michx. ) — Barren oak-lands, S. Kentucky and Tennessee. 



4. NAP^SA, Clayt. Glade Mallow. 



Calyx naked at the base, 5-toothed. Petals entire. Flowers dioecious ; the 

 staminate flowers destitute of pistils, with 15-20 anthers; the fertile with a 

 short column of filaments but usually no anthers. Styles 8-10, stigmatic 

 along the inside. Fruit depressed-globular, separating when ripe into as many 

 kidney-shaped 1 -seeded beakless and scarcely dehiscent carpels as there are 

 styles. Radicle pointing downwards. — A tall and roughish perennial herb, 

 with very large 9-1 1-parted lower leaves, the pointed lobes pinnatifid-cut and 

 toothed, and small white flowers in panicled clustered corymbs. (Named by 

 Clayton from vairn, a wooded valley or glade, or, poetically, the nymph of 

 I lie groves.) 



1. N. didica, L. (Sida dioica, Cav.) — Limestone valleys, Penn. and 

 southward to the Valley of Virginia, west to Ohio and Illinois : rare. July. 



5. MALVASTRUM, Gray. False Mallow. 



Calyx with an involucel of 2 or 3 bractlets, or none. Petals notched at the 

 end or entire. Styles 5 or more : stigmas capitate. Carpels as in Malva, or 

 else as in Sida, but the solitary kidney-shaped seed ascending and the radicle 

 pointing downwards, as in the former. — Flowers perfect. (Name altered from 

 Malva.) 



