ROSACEA. (ROSE FAMILY.) 157 



3. R. Chamsembrus, L. (Cloud-berry.) Herbaceous, low, dioecious; 

 stem simple, 2-3-leaved, 1 -flowered ; leaves roundish-kidney-form, somewhat 5- 

 lobed, serrate, wrinkled; calyx-lobes pointless; petals obovate, white; fruit of 

 few grains, amber-color. — White Mountains of New Hampshire at the limit of 

 trees : also on the coast at Lubeck, Maine, and northward. (Eu.) 



* * Leuflets (pinnate/ y) 3-5: petals small, erect, white. 

 •*- Stems annual, herbaceous, not prickly : fruit of few separate grains. 



4. R. trifldrus, Richardson. (Dwarf Raspberry.) Stems ascending 

 (6'- 12' high) or trailing; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5), rhombic-ovate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute at both ends, coarsely doubly serrate, thin, smooth ; peduncle 

 1-3-flowered. — Wooded hillsides, New England to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, 

 and northward. June. — Sepals and petals often 6 or 7. 



•*--*- Stems biennial and woody, prickly : receptacle oblong : fruit hemispherical. 



5. It. Strig6sus, Miehx. (Wild Red Raspberry.) Stems upright, and 

 with the stalks, &c. beset with stiff straight bristles (or a few becoming weak 

 hooked prickles), glandular when young, somewhat glaucous; leaflets 3-5, 

 oblong-ovate, pointed, cut-serrate, whitish-downy underneath; the lateral ones 

 sessile ; petals as long as the sepals ; fruit light red. — Thickets and hills : com- 

 mon everywhere, especially northward. June, July. — Fruit ripening all sum- 

 mer, more tender than that of the Garden or European Raspberry (R. IdJeus), 

 which it too closely resembles. 



6. It. oeeidentalis, L (Black Raspberry. Tiiimbleberry.) 

 Glaucous all over ; stems recurved, armed like the stalks, &c, with hooked prickl s, 

 not bristly ; leaflets 3 (rarely 5), ovate, pointed, coarsely doubly serrate, whitened- 

 downy underneath ; the lateral ones somewhat stalked ; petals shorter than the 

 sepals ; fruit ]>urple-black (rarely a whitish variety), ripe early in July. — Very 

 common northward, especially where ground has been burned over. 



§ 2. BLACKBERRY. Fruit, or collective drupes, not separating from the juicy 

 prolonged receptacle, mostly ovate or oblong, blackish. 



7. R. villdsus, Ait. (Common or High Blackberry.) Shrubby (1°- 

 6° high), furrowed, upright or reclining, armed ivith stout curved prickles; branch- 

 lets, stalks, and lower surface of the leaves hairy and glandular ; leaflets 3 (or 

 pedately 5), ovate, pointed, unequally serrate; the terminal ones somewhat 

 heart-shaped, conspicuously stalked ; flowprs racemed, numerous, bracts short ; 

 sepals linear-pointed, much shorter than the obovnte-oblong spreading petals. — 

 Var. 1. frondosus : smoother and much less glandular; flowers more corym- 

 bose, with leafy bracts ; petals roundish. Var. 2. humifusus : trailing, smaller ; 

 peduncles few-flowered. — Borders of thickets, &c. : common. May, June : the 

 pleasant large fruit ripe in Aug. and Sept. — Plant very variable in size, aspect, 

 and shape of the fruit ; — the varieties connecting with 



8. R. Canadensis, L. (Low Blackberry. Dewberry.) Shrubby, 

 extensively trailing, slightly prickly; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5-7), oval or ovate- 

 lanceolate, mostly pointed, thin, nearly smooth, sharply cut-serrate ; (lowers ra- 

 cemed, with leaf-like bracts. (R. trivialis, Pursh, Bigeh, Sfc. ; not of Michx.) — 

 Rocky hills and copses : common. May ; ripening its excellent fruit earlier 

 than No. 7. •,.-..- - 



