190 UMBELLIFER2E. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 



notched at base and apex. — Massachusetts on the coast, to Penn. (on the Juni- 

 ata River, Prof. Porter), and southward. — Petioles and peduncles 3' -8" high: 

 leaves l'-2' wide. 



Var. 1 ambigua. Umbels 3 - 4 ; pedicels only once or twice the length of 

 the fruit. — Maryland, W. M. Canby. Intermediate between H. umbellata and 

 H. vulgaris : differs from the next by the distinctly pedicelled fruit. 



5. H. interrupta, Muhl. Umbels or rather little heads few-flowered, 

 proliferous and forming an interrupted spike ; pedicels scarcely any, the broadly 

 margined fruit acutish at the base. — Massachusetts to Virginia and southward, 

 along the coast. — Usually smaller than No. 4. 



2. CRANTZIA, Nutt. Crantzia. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit globose ; the carpels corky, 5-ribbed : an oil-tube 

 in each interval. — Minute perennials, creeping and rooting in the mud, like 

 Hydrocotyle, but with fleshy and hollow cylindrical or awl-shaped petioles, in 

 place of leaves, marked with cross divisions. Umbels few-flowered, simple. 

 Flowers white. ( Named for Prof. Henry John Crantz, an Austrian botanist of 

 the 18th century.) 



1. C. iineata, Nutt. Leaves somewhat club-shaped, very obtuse (I 7 -2' 

 long) ; lateral ribs of the fruit projecting, forming a corky margin. — Brackish 

 marshes, from Massachusetts southward along the coast. July- 



3. SANICTJLA, Tourn. Sanicle. Black Snakeroot. 



Calyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Fruit globular ; the carpels not separating 

 spontaneously, ribless, thickly clothed with hooked prickles, each with 5 oil-tubes. 

 — Perennial rather tall herbs, with palmately-lobed or parted leaves, those from 

 the root long-petioled. Umbels irregular or compound, the flowers (greenish or 

 yellowish) capitate in the umbellets, perfect, and with staminate ones intermixed. 

 Involucre and involucels few-leaved. (Name from sano, to heal.) 



1. S. Canadensis, L. Leaves 3-5- (the upper only 3-) parted; sterile 

 flowers few, scarcely pedicelled, shorter than the fertile ones ; styles shorter than the 

 prickles of the fruit. — Copses. June -Aug. — Plant l°-2° high, with thin 

 Maves ; their divisions wedge-obovate or oblong, sharply cut and serrate, the 

 lateral mostly 2-lobed. Fruits few in each umbellet. 



2. S. Marilandica, L. Leaves all 5 - 7-parted ; sterile flowrs numerous, 

 on slender pedicels, about the length of the fertile ; styles elongated and conspicuous, 

 recurved. — Woods and copses : common. — Stem 2° -3° high ; the leaves more 

 rigid and with narrower divisions than in the former, with almost cartilaginous 

 teeth. Fruits several in each umbellet. 



4. ERYNGIUM, Tourn. Eryngo. 



Calyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Styles slender. Fruit top-shaped, covered 

 with little scales or tubercles, with no ribs, and scarcely any oil-tubes. — Chiefly 

 perennials with coriaceous, toothed, cut, or prickly leaves, and blue or white 

 bracted flowers closely sessile in dense heads. (A name used by Dioscorides. 

 of uncertain origin. ) 



