194 UMBELLIFER^E. (PARSLEY FAMILY.; 



15. LIGTJSTICTJM, L. Lovage. 



Calyx-teeth small or minute. Fruit elliptical, round on the cross-section, or 

 slightly flattened on the sides ; the carpels each with 5 sharp and projecting or 

 narrowly winged ridges : intervals and inner face with many oil-tubes. — Peren- 

 nials, with aromatic roots and fruit, 2 - 3-ternately compound leaves, and white 

 flowers. (Named from the country Liguria, where the officinal Lovage of the 

 gardens, L. Levisticum, abounds.) 



1. L. Scoticum, L. (Scotch Lovage.) Very smooth; stem (2° high), 

 simple; leaves 2-temate; leaflets rhombic-ovate, coarsely toothed or cut ; leaflets 

 of the involucre and involucels linear ; calyx-teeth distinct ; fruit narrowly oblong. 

 — Salt marshes, from Rhode Island northward. Aug. — (Eu.) 



2. L. actseifdlium, Michx. (Nondo. Angelico.) Smooth; stem (3° - 

 6° high) branched above; the numerous umbels forming a loose and naked 

 somewhat whorled panicle, the lateral ones mostly barren ; leaves 3-ternate ; leaf- 

 lets broadly ovate, equally serrate, the end ones often 3-parted ; calyx-teeth mi- 

 nute ; ribs of the short fruit wing-like. — Rich woods, Virginia, Kentucky, and 

 southward along the mountains. July, Aug. — Root large, with the strong 

 aromatic odor and taste of Angelica. (Michaux's habitat, " Banks of the St. 

 Lawrence," is probably a mistake. * 



16. THASPIUM, Nutt. Meadow-Parsnip. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete or short. Fruit ovoid or oblong, somewhat flattish or 

 contracted at the sides (the cross-section of each seed orbicular and somewhat 

 angled or 5-angular) ; the carpels each with 5 strong and equal ribs or wings, 

 the lateral ones marginal: oil-tubes single in each interval. — Perennial herbs, 

 with 1 - 2-ternately divided leaves (or the root-leaves simple), umbels with no 

 involucre, minute few-leaved involucels, and yellow or sometimes dark-purple 

 flowers. (Name a play upon Thapsia, a genus so called from the island of Thap- 

 sus. ) I include in this genus Zizia, Koch, — because the same species has fruit 

 either ribbed or winged, — and retain the name of Zizia for Z. integerrima, DC. 

 * Stems loosely branched, 2° -5° high, mostly pubescent on the joints: calyx short but 

 manifest : corolla light yellow : leaves all ternately compound. 



1. T. barbinode, Nutt. Leaves 1 - 3-ternate ; leaflets ovate or lance-ovate 

 and acute, mostly with a wedge-shaped base, above deeply cut-serrate, often 2 -3-cleft 

 or parted, the terminal one long-stalked (l'-2' long) ; fruit oblong, 6-10-winged 

 (3" long), some of the dorsal wings often narrow or obsolete. — River-banks, 

 W. New York to Wisconsin, and southward. July. 



2. T. pinnatifidum, Gray. Branchlets, umbels, &c. roughish-puberulent ; 

 leaves 1 -3-ternate ; leaflets l-2-pinnatifd, the lobes linear or oblong; fruit oblong, 

 narrowly 8-10-winged (1^'long), the intervals minutely scabrous. (Zizia pin- 

 natifida, Buckley. Thaspium Walteri, Shuttlew., excl. syn. Walt. ) — Barrens of 

 Kentucky (Short), and southward in the mountains. 



* * Stems somewhat branched; the whole plant glabrous : calyx-teeth obscure. 



3. T. atireum, Nutt. Leaves all 1- 2-ternately divided or parted (or rarely 

 some of the root-leaves simple and heart-shaped) ; the divisions or leaflets oblong- 



