COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 235 



*r -t- Involucre of many very slender equal scales appearing like a single row. 



33. A. NoV88-Angli3e, L. Stem stout, hairy (3° -8° high), corymbed at 

 the summit ; leaves very numerous, lanceolate, entire, acute, auriculate-clasping, clothed 

 with minute pubescence ; scales of the involucre linear-awl-shaped, loose, glandular-viscid, 

 as well as the branchlets ; rays violet-purple, in var. roseus rose-purple (A. 

 roseus, Desf), very numerous; achenia hairy. — Moist grounds: common.—. 

 Heads large, corymbed. Var. ? with white rays, Carroll Co., 111., H. Shimer. 



******** Heads, Sfc, as in the preceding group ; but foliage as in * * *. 



34. A. anomalus, Engelm. Somewhat hoary-pubesccnt ; stems slendet 

 / 2° -4° high), simple or racemose-branched above; leaves ovate or ovate-lance- 

 olate, pointed, entire or nearly soothe lower cordate and long-petioled, the upper 

 small and almost sessile ; scales of the hemispherical involucre imbricated in 

 several rows, appressed, with linear spreading leafy tips ; achenia smooth. — 

 Limestone cliffs, W. Illinois (and Missouri, near St. Louis), Engelmann. — Heads 

 as large as those of No. 31 : rays violet-purple. 



§ 4. OKITROPHIUM, Kunth. Scales of the involucre narrow, nearly equal and 

 almost in a single row, more or less herbaceous : pappus of soft and uniform capil- 

 lary bristles: mostly low perennials, bearing solitary or few heads. 



35. A. graminifdlius, Pursh. Slightly pubescent, slender (6' -12' high) ; 

 leaves very numerous, narrowly linear ; branches prolonged into slender naked 

 peduncles, bearing solitary small heads ; rays rose-purple or whitish. — North- 

 ern borders of New England, Lake Superior, and northward. 



§ 5. ORTHOMERIS, Torr. & Gr. Scales of the involucre regularly imbricated, 

 unequal, often carinate, with membranaceous margins, entirely destitnte of herba- 

 ceous tips: pappus of soft and unequal capillary bristles. 



36. A. acuminatllS, Michx. Somewhat hairy; stem (about 1° high) 

 simple, zigzag, panicled-corymbose at the summit ; peduncles slender ; leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, conspicuously pointed, coarsely toothed above, wedge-form and entire 

 at the base ; scales of the involucre few and loosely imbricated, linear-lanceolate, 

 pointed, thin (3" - 5" long) ; heads few or several ; rays 12-18, white, or slightly 

 purple. — Cool rich woods : common northward and southward along the Alle- 

 ghanies. Aug. — There is a depauperate narrow-leaved variety on the White 

 Mountains of New Hampshire. 



37. A. nemoralis, Ait. Minutely roughish-pubesccnt ; stem slender, 

 simple or corymbose at the summit, very leafy (l°-2° high) ; leaves small (I'- 

 ll-' long), rather rigid, lanceolate, nearly entire, with revolute margins ; scales of the 

 inversely conical involucre narrowly linear-lanceolate, the outer passing into 

 awl-shaped bracts; rays lilac-purple, elongated. — Bogs, pine barrens of NeAv 

 Jersey to Maine along the coast, and northward. Also White Mountains of 

 New Hampshire; a small form, Avith solitary heads. Sept. 



38. A. ptarmicoides, Torr. & Or. Smooth or roughish ; stems clus- 

 tered (6'- 15' high), simple; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, rigid, entire, tapering 

 to the base, 1 - 3-nerved, with rough margins (2' -4' long); heads small, in a 



flat corymb; scales of the involucre imbricated in 3 or 4 rows, short; rays white 

 (2" -3" long). — Dry rocks, W. Vermont to Illinois and Wisconsin along the 

 Great Lakes, and northward. Aug. 



