COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 257 



12. H, grosse-seiT&tus, Martens. Stem smooth and glaucous, at least 

 below (5° - 10° high) ; /saves elongated-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, taper- 

 pointed, serrate, rough above, rounded or acute at the base, petioled, hoary- 

 downy beneath ; scales of the involucre lance-awl-shaped, slightly ciliate. — Dry- 

 plains, Ohio to Illinois, and southwestward. — Probably runs into the last. 



13. H. tOHientOSUS, Michx. Stem hairy, stout (4° -8° high); leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, or the lowest ovate, taper-pointed, obscurely serrate, large (5'-* 

 12' long), somewhat petioled, very rough above, soft-downy beneath ; scales of the 

 involucre with very long and spreading tips, hairy ; the chaff and tips of the 

 disk-flowers pubescent. (Disk 1' broad; rays 12-16 about 1' long.) — Rich 

 woods, Illinois 1 Virginia and southward along the mountains. 



-*- ■*- Leaves opposite, or the uppermost alternate, S-nerved or triple-ribbed. 



14. H. Strumosus, L. Stem (3° -4° high) smooth below; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, tapering gradually to a point, serrate ivith small appressed t<eth, abruptly 

 contracted into short margined petioles, rough above, whitish and naked or mi- 

 nutely downy underneath; scales of the involucre broadly lanceolate with spread- 

 ing tips, equalling the disk; rays mostly 10. — Var. mollis has the leaves 

 softly downy underneath. — River-banks and low copses . common, especially 

 westward. 



15. H. divarieatus, L. Stem simple or forked and corymbed at the top 

 (l°-4° high) smooth ; leaves all opposite and divaricate, ovate-lanceolate, 3-nervcd 

 from the rounded or truncate sessile base, tapering gradually to a sharp point (3'- 

 6' long), serrate, thicJcish, rough both sides; scales of the involucre lanceolate 

 from a broad base, pointed, equalling the disk; rays 8-12. — Thickets and 

 barrens : common. — Disk 6" wide ; rays 1' long. 



16. H. hil'SUtUS, Raf. Stem simple or forked above, stout (1° - 2° high), 

 bristly-hairy ; leaves more or less petioled, ovate-la no ol ate, gradually pointed, slightly 

 serrate, rounded or obtuse at the base, very rough above, rough-hairy underneath ; 

 scales of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, pointed, equalling the disk; rays about 

 12. — Dry plains, Ohio to Wisconsin, and southward. — Runs into the iast. 



17. H. tracheliifdlius, Willd. Stem loosely branched, tall, hairy; 

 leaves thin, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lancto'-ate. taper-pointed, sharply serrate, 

 smoothish or roughish-pubt scent loth sides, contracted into short petioles; scales of 

 the involucre lanceolate-linear, elongated and very taper-pointed, loose, exceed- 

 ing the disk; rays 12- 15. — Copses Pennsylvania and Ohio to Illinois, and 

 southward. — Probably runs into the next. 



18. H. decapetalus, L. Stem branching (3° -6° high), smooth below; 

 leaves thin and green both sides, smooth or roughish, ovate, coarsely serrate, pointed, 

 abruptly contracted into margined petioles ; scales of the involucre lanceolate- 

 lineax*, elongated, loosely spreading, the outer longer than the disk; rays about 

 10. — Var. ruONDdsus has the outer involucral scales foliaceous or changing to 

 leaves. — Copses and low banks of streams : common, especially northward. 

 (H. multiflorns, L., may be a cultivated state of this.) 



19. H. doronieoides, Lam. Stem stout (5°~ 9° high), branching, rough- 

 hairy above ; leaves orate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed, sen-ate, strongly triple-veined, 

 rough above, smoothish or downy underneath, the lower often heart-shaped and on 



L & M— 31 



