268 COMPOSITE. (composite family.) 



9. A. frigida, Willd. Low (6'- 20' high), in tufts, slightly woody at the 

 base, white-silky ; leaves piimately parted and 3 - 5-cleft, the divisions narrow- 

 linear; heads globose, racemose. — Dry hills and rocks, Palls of St. Anthony, 

 Wisconsin (L. Lesqucreux, T. J. Hale), Lake Superior, and northwestward. 



58. G-IAPHALIUI, L. Cudweed. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular ; the outer pistillate and very 

 slender, the central perfect. Scales of the involucre dry and scarious, white or 

 colored, imbricated in several rows. Eeceptacle flat, naked. Pappus a single 

 row of capillary rough bristles. — Woolly herbs, with sessile or decurrent leaves, 

 and clustered or corymbed heads ; fl. in summer and autumn. Corolla whitish 

 or yellowish. (Name from yvd(f)a\ov, a lock of wool, in allusion to the floccose 

 down of the leaves.) 



§ 1. Achenia terete: pistillate flowers in several rows : bristles of pappus distinct. 



1. G. deciirrens, Ives. (Everlasting.) Stout, erect (2° high) peren- 

 nial, branched at the top, clammy-pubescent, white-woolly on the branches, 

 bearing numerous heads in dense corymbed clusters ; lejxoes linear-lanceolate, partly 

 clasping, decurrent ; scales of the (yellowish-white) involucre oval, acutish. — ■ 

 Hillsides, New Jersey and Penn. to Maine, Michigan, and northward. 



2. G. polyeephalum, Michx. (Common Everlasting.) Erect, woolly 

 annual (1° -2° high), fragrant; leaves lanceolate, tapering at the base, with undu- 

 late margins, not decurrent, smoothish above ; heads clustered at the summit of the 

 fianic/ed-conjmbose branches, ovate-conical before expansion, then obovate; scales 

 of the (whitish) involucre ovate and oblong, rather obtuse; perfect flowers 

 few. — Old fields and woods : common. 



3. G. uligindsilHl, L. (Low Cudweed.) Diffusely branched, woolly 

 annual (3' -6' high); leaves lanceolate or linear, not decurrent; heads (small) 

 in terminal sessile capitate clusters subtended by leaves. — Low grounds by the 

 roadside ; common eastward and northward : perhaps introduced. (Eu.) 



§ 2. GAMOCILETA, Weddell. Achenia and flowers as § 1 : bristles of the 

 pappus united at the very base into a ring, so falling off all together. 

 i. G. purpureum, L. (Purplish Cudweed.) Annual, simple or 

 branched from the base, ascending (6' -20' high), woolly; leaves oblong-spatu- 

 latc, mostly obtuse, not decurrent, green above, very white with close wool un- 

 derneath ; heads in sessile clusters in the axils of the upper leaves, and spiked at the 

 wand-like summit of the stem ; scales of the involucre tawny, the inner often 

 marked with purple. — Sandy or gravelly soil, coast of Maine to Virginia, and 

 southward. 



§3. HOMALOTHECA, DC. Achenia flattened: pistillate flowers in a single 

 marginal row : bristles of the pappus distinct and falling separately, as in § 1 . 

 5. G. SUpinum, Villars. (Mountain Cudweed.) Dwarf and tufted 

 perennial (2' high) ; leaves linear, woolly ; heads solitary or few and spiked on 

 the slender simple flowering stems ; scales of the involucre brown, lanceolate, 

 acute. — Alpine summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire : very rare 

 (Eu.) 



