326 SCROPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWORT FAMILY.) 



2. LINARIA, Tourn Toad-Flax. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla personate, with the prominent palate often nearly 

 closing the throat, spurred at the base on the lower side. Stamens 4. Pod 

 thin, opening below the summit by one or two pores or chinks. Seeds many. 



— Herbs, with at least all the upper leaves alternate : fl. in summer. (Name 

 from Linum, the Flax, which the leaves of some species resemble.) 



* Leaves sessile, narrow : plant glabrous, erect, leaf;/. 



1. L, Canadensis, Spreng. (Wild Toad-Flax.) Slender annual or 

 biennial, mostly simple, with scattered linear leaves ; those from prostrate shoots 

 oblong, crowded, and mostly opposite or whorled; flowers blue (very small), in 

 a slender raceme, short-pedicelled ; spur thread-shaped (occasionally wanting). 



— Sandy soil : common. 



2. L. vulgaris, Mill. (Toad-Flax. Butter-and-eggs. Ransted.) 

 Perennial, pale (l°-3° high); leaves alternate, crowded, linear or lanceolate, 

 acutish ; flowers crowded in a dense raceme, yellow (l'long); spur awl-shaped; 

 seeds flattened and margined. — Old fields and roadsides : common eastward, ex- 

 tending westward : a showy but pernicious weed. — The Peloria state, with a 

 regular 5-cleft border to the corolla, 5 spurs, and 5 stamens, has been observed 

 in Pennsylvania by Dr. Darlington. (Nat. from Eu.) 



3. L. genistif6lia, Mill. Glaucous perennial, paniculate-branched ; leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, often partly clasping ; flowers scattered, yellow (smaller than in 

 No. 2) ; seeds angled and wrinkled. — Roadsides, New York, near the city (Prof. 

 H. J. Clark, Lesqiiereux). (Adv. from Eu.) 



* * Leaves petioled, broad, veiny, hairy : stems procumbent. 



4. L. ElAtine, Mill. Branching annual ; leaves alternate, ovate and hal- 

 berd-shaped, mostly shorter than the slender axillary peduncles ; flowers small, 

 yellow and purplish; sepals lanceolate, very acute. — Fields and banks, east- 

 ward: scarce. (Adv. from Eu.) 



3. ANTIRRHINUM, L. Snapdragon. 



Corolla saccate at the base, the throat closed by the large bearded palate. 

 Seeds oblong-truncate. Otherwise nearly as Linaria. Corolla commonly showy, 

 resembling the face of an animal or a mask ; whence the name (from dvTi, in 

 comparison with, and piv, a snout.) Fl. summer and autumn. 



1 . A. Orontium, L. A small flowered annual or biennial, low, erect ; 

 leaves lance-linear ; spike loose, leafy ; sepals longer than the purplish or white 

 corolla. — About gardens, and old fields in Virginia. (Adv. from Eu.) 



2. A. mAjus, L. (Large Snapdragon.) A large-flowered perennial, with 

 oblong smooth leaves and a glandular-downy raceme ; sepals short ; corolla 1^-' - 

 2' long, purple or white. — Eastward escaping from gardens. (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. SCROPHULARIA, Tourn. Figwort. 



Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Corolla with a somewhat globular tube; the 4 upper 

 \obes of the short border erect (the two upper longer), the lower spreading. 

 Stamens 4, declined, with the anther-cells transverse and confluent into o:k- ; 



