hydrophyllace^e. (waterleaf family.) 367 



Order 73. HIDBOPHYLLACEiE. (Waterleaf Family.) 



Herbs, commonly hairy, with mostly alternate leaves, regular 5-merous and 

 b-androus flowers, in aspect between the foregoing and the next order; but 

 the ovary entire and l-celled with 2 parietal 4 - many-ovuled placenta?, or 

 rarely 2-celled by the union of the placentce in the axis ; style 2-cleft or 2 

 separate styles ; fruit a 2-valved 4 - many-seeded pod. — Seeds mostly retic- 

 ulated or pitted. Embryo small in copious albumen. — Flowers chiefly blue 

 or white, in one-sided cymes or racemes, which are mostly bractless and 

 coiled from the apex when young, as in the Borage Family. (A small order 

 of plants of no marked properties, some cultivated for ornament.) 



TrilJe I. HYDROPHYLLEJE. Ovary and pod l-celled. Seeds am phitropous, pitted 

 or reticulated, and with cartilaginous albumen. Leaves usually cut-toothed, lobed or pinnate. 

 Style 2-cleft. 



* Ovary lined with the dilated and fleshy placentae, which enclose the ovules aud seeds (in our 

 plants these are only 4 in number) like an inner pericarp. 



1. Hydrophyllum. Stamens exserted : anthers linear. Calyx unchanged in fruit. 



2. Nemophila. Stamens included : anthers short. Calyx with appendages at the sinuses. 



3. Ellisia. Stamens included. Calyx destitute of appendages, enlarged in fruit. 



* * Ovary with narrow parietal placentae, iu fruit projecting inwards more or less. 



4. Phacelia. Coralla-lobes imbricated in the bud. Calyx destitute of appendages. 



Tribe II. HYDROLE^l. Ovary and pod 2-celled, the placentae often projecting from 



the axis far into the cells. Seeds anatropous : albumen fleshy. Leaves undivided. 

 6. Ilytlrolea. Corolla between wheel-shaped and bell-shaped. Styles 2. Leaves entire. 



1. HYDROPHYLLUM, L. Waterleaf. 



Calyx 5-parted, sometimes with a small appendage in each sinus, early open 

 in the bud. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft ; the lobes convolute in the bud ; the 

 tube furnished with 5 longitudinal linear appendages opposite the lobes, which 

 cohere by their middle, while their edges are folded inwards, forming a necta- 

 riferous groove. Stamens and style mostly exserted : filaments more or less 

 bearded : anthers linear. Ovary bristly-hairy (as is usual in the family) ; the 2 

 fleshy placenta? expanded so as to line the cell and nearly fill the cavity, soon 

 free from the walls except at the top and bottom, each bearing a pair of ovules 

 on the inner face. Pod ripening 1-4 seeds, spherical. — Perennials, with petioled 

 ample leaves, and white or pale blue cymose-clustered flowers. (Name formed 

 of vdcop, water, and (pvXXov, leaf; of no obvious application to these plants.) 



* Calyx with minute if any appendages : rootstoclcs creeping, scaly-toothed. 



1. H. macroph^llum, Nutt. Rough-hairy; leaves oblong, pinnate and 

 pinnatifd; the divisions 9-13, ovate, obtuse, coarsely cut-toothed; peduncle very 

 long; calyx-lobes lanceolate-pointed from a broad base, very hairy. — Rocky, 

 shaded banks, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and southward. July. — Root-leaves 

 1° long ; flowers crowded in a globular cluster. 



2. H. Virginieum, L. Smoothish (1°- 2° high); leaves pinnately divided ; 

 the divisions 5-7, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, pointed, sharply cut-toothed, the lowest 

 mostly 2-parted, the uppermost confluent ; peduncles longer J Jxan the petioles of the 

 upper leaves, forked ; calyx-lobes narrowly linear, bristly-ciliate — Damp woods. 

 June- Aug. 



