388 GENTIANACE.E. (GENTIAN FAMILY.) 



fixed by the deep sagittate base, extrorse, often cohering with each other in a ring 

 or tube: pod stalked: perennials, mostly autumn-flowering. 



* Flowers nearly sessile, clustered or rarely solitary, 2-bracteolate. 

 -t- Seeds wingless : anthers unconnected. 



4. G. ochroleiica, Frcel. (Yellowish-White G.) Stems ascending, 

 mostly smooth ; the flowers in a dense terminal cluster and often also in ax- 

 illary clusters ; leaves obovate-oblong, the lowest broadly oboVate and obtuse, the 

 uppermost somewhat lanceolate, all narrowed at the base ; calyx-lobes linear, un- 

 equal, much longer than its tube, rather shorter than the greenish-white open corolla, 

 which is painted inside with green veins and lilac-purple stripes ; its lobes ovate, 

 very much exceeding the small and sparingly toothed oblique appendages ; pod 

 included in the persistent corolla. — Dry grounds, S. Pennsylvania (rare) to 

 Virginia, and common southward. 



-:- h- Seeds winged : anthers connivent and usually more or cohering. 



5. G. alba, Mulil. Cat. ! (Whitish G.) Stems upright, stout, and very 

 smooth ; flowers closely sessile and much crowded in a dense terminal cluster, 

 sometimes also clustered in the upper axils ; leaves ovate-lanceolate from a heart- 

 shaped closely clasping base, gradually tapering to a point ; calyx-lobes ovate, 

 shorter than the top-shaped tube, and many times shorter than the tube of the 

 corolla, reflex ed-spreading ; corolla white more or less tinged with greenish or yellow- 

 ish, inflated-club-shaped, at length open, its short and broad ovate lobes nearly twice the 

 length of the toothed appendages ; pod nearly included ; seeds broadly winged. 

 (G. flavida, Gray, in Sill. Jour. G. ochroleuca, Sims., Darlingt., Grisebach, 

 in part.) — Glades and low grounds, S. W. New York to Virginia along the 

 Alleghanies, and west to Illinois and Lake Superior. Begins to flower in July, 

 far earlier than the two next. 



6. G. Andrewsii, Griseb. (Closed G.) Stems upright, smooth ; flow- 

 ers closely sessile in terminal and upper axillary clusters ; leaves ovate-lanceolate 



n d lanceolate from a narrower base, gradually pointed, rough-margined ; calyx- 

 rjoes ovate or oblong, recurved, shorter than the top-shaped tube, and much 

 shorter than the inflated club-shaped and truncate mostly blue corolla, which is 

 closed at the mouth, its proper lobes obliterated, the apparent lobes consisting of 

 the broad fringe-toothed and notched appendages ; pod finally projecting out 

 of the persistent corolla; seeds broadly winged. (G. Saponaria, Frcel., not 

 of L.) — Moist and rich soil: common, especially northward. — Corolla an 

 inch or more in length, striped inside, the folds whitish; occasionally pure 

 white throughout. 



7. G. Saponaria, L. (SoapwortG.) Stem erect or ascending, smooth ; 

 the flowers clustered at the summit and more or less so in the axils ; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, oblong, or lanc&ilate-obovate, with rough margins, narrowed at the base; 

 calyx-lobes linear or spatulate, acute, equalling or exceeding the tube, half the 

 length of the corolla ; lobes of the club-bell-shaped light-blue corolla obtuse, erect or 

 converging, short and broad, but distinct, and more or less longer than the conspicuous 

 2-cleft and minutely toothed appendages ; seeds acute, narrowly winged. ( G. Cates- 

 baei, Walt.) — Moist woods, New Jersey and S. Penn. to Virginia, Illinois, and 

 southward : flowering late. 



