520 LILIACE^E. (LILY FAMILY.) 



without tendrils : peduncles short, seldom exceeding the pedicels, terete ; the umbels 

 sometimes panicled : branches terete, unarmed. 



7. S. laneeolata, L. Leaves thinnish, rather deciduous, ovate-lanceolate 

 or lance-oblong ; stigmas 3 ; berries dull red, — Southeastern Virginia and south- 

 ward. June. 



8. S. laurifdlia, L. Leaves thick and coriaceous, evergreen, varying from 

 oblong-lanceolate to linear (2^-' - 5' long) ; stigma solitary ; berries black when ripe, 

 1-seeded. — Pine barrens of New Jersey to Virginia and southward. July, Aug. 



§ 2. COPROSMANTHUS, Tore. Stem herbaceous, never prickly: flowers 

 carrion-scented: ovules mostly in /juirs in each cell: leaves long-petioled, mem- 

 branaceous, mucrouate-tipped : berries bluish-black with a bloom. 



9. S. herbacea, L. (Carrion-Flower.) Stem erect and recurving, 

 or climbing ; leaves ovate-oblong or rounded, mostly heart-shaped, 7 - 9-nerved, 

 smooth; tendrils sometimes wanting; peduncles elongated (3' -4' long, or 

 sometimes even 6' -8', and much longer than the leaves), 20 - 40-flowered. — 

 Var. pdlverdlenta (S. pulverulenta, Michx. & S. peduncularis, Muhl.) has 

 the leaves more or less soft-downy underneath. A shorter-peduncled state 

 of this appears to be S. lasioneuron, Hook. — Moist meadows and river-banks : 

 common. June. — Very variable, l°-3°, or even 6° -8° high: petioles l'-3' 

 long. Seeds 6. 



10. S. tamnifblia, Michx. Stem upright or climbing ; leaves heart-halberd- 

 shaped, 5-nerved, smooth; peduncles longer than the petioles. (S. tamnoides, 

 Pursh, not of L.) — Pine barrens, New Jersey to Virginia and southward. — 

 Leaves abruptly narrowed above the dilated heart-shaped base, tapering to the 

 apex. Berry 2 - 3-seeded. 



Order 121. IXlAkwm. (Lily Family.) 



Herbs, or rarely woody plants, with regular and symmetrical almost always 

 G-androus flowers ; the perianth not glumaceous, free from the chiefly 3- 

 celled ovary ; the stamens one before each of its divisions or lobes (i. e. 6, in 

 one instance 4), with 2-celled anthers ; fruit a few - many-seeded pod or 

 berry ; the small embryo enclosed in copious albumen. Seeds anatropous or 

 amphitropous. Flowers not from a spathe, except in Allium ; the outer 

 and inner ranks of the perianth colored alike (or nearly so) and generally 

 similar, except in Trillium. — A large family, as here extended, the prin- 

 cipal divisions commonly received as orders, but not well limited. For 

 the present purpose they are best regarded as tribes. 



Tribe I. TRILLiTDE^. Styles or sessile stigmas 3, separate down to the ovary. 

 Fruit a several -many -seeded berry. Divisions or leaves of the periantb distinct, the 3 

 outer often foliaceous. Simple stem from a rootstock, naked below ; leaves all in one or 

 two whorls above, broad, more or less conspicuously netted-veined ! 



1. Trillium. Perianth of two sorts, 3 foliaceous persistent sepals and 3 colored petals. 



Anthers adnate, introrse. Leaves (3) in a single whorl. Flower single. 



2. Medeola. Perianth of 6 similar colored divisions, deciduous. Anthers fixed by the 



middle, extrorse. Leaves in two whorls. Flowers several. 



