JUNCACE.E. (RUSH FAMILY.) 539 



•*- +r Leaves fiat and open, grass-like : stamens 3. 



9. J. margillcltUS, Rostkovius. Stem erect, from a bulbous and stolo- 

 niferous base (1°- 3° high), flattened, leafy ; leaves long-linear ; heads 3-8- 

 flowercd, panicled ; flowers purplish with green (1^'' long) ; sepals oblong, the 

 3 outer acute and 'slightly awned, the inner longer and mostly obtuse and point- 

 less, as long as the almost globular scarcely pointed pod; stamens exceeding 

 the outer sepals ; purple anthers shorter than filaments ; style very short ; seeds 

 {?" _ h" long) slender, pointed at both ends and strongly ribbed. (J. aristulatus, 

 Michx.) — Moist sandy places, S. New England to Illinois and southward. — 

 Var. paucicapitatus has smaller and less flattened stems, narrower leaves, and 

 few large 8- 15-flowered heads. Sandy coast of New Jersey and elsewhere. — 

 Var. biflorus has numerous and small 2 -3-flowered heads, in much-branched 

 panicles. (J. biflorus, Ell.) New Jersey to Illinois and southward. 



10. J. repens, Michx. Stems flattened, ascending (4' -6' high) from a 

 fibrous annual root, at length creeping or floating ; leaves short, linear, those of 

 the stem nearly opposite and fascicled ; heads few in a loose leafy panicle, 3-12- 

 flowered ; flowers green (3" long) ; sepals rigid, lance-subulate, slender-pointed, 

 the 3 outer as long as the linear triangular obtuse pod, the inner ones much 

 longer; stamens as long as the outer sepals ; filaments many times longer than 

 the oblong anther; seeds small (\" long), obovate, slightly pointed, very deli- 

 cately ribbed and cross-lined. (Cephaldxys flabellata, Desv.) — Miry banks, 

 Maryland ( W. M. Canby) and southward. 



* * Flowers single on the ultimate peduncles : stamens 6. 

 +- Stem branched: root annual. 



11. J. buf6nius, L. Stems low and slender (3' -9' high) from a fibrous 

 root, leafy, often branched from the base ; panicle spreading, mostly with one- 

 sided dichotomous branches; flowers remote, greenish (2"-3|" long); sepals 

 linear-lanceolate, awl-pointed, 3 outer ones much longer than the inner and 

 than the oblong obtuse pod ; stamens short ; filaments scarcely longer than 

 anthers ; seeds elliptical, obtuse {\" - \ n long), very delicately ribbed and cross- 

 lined. — Low grounds by roadsides: common, but not everywhere. June- 

 Sept. — Var. fasciculatus, with flowers crowded at tlie end of the branchlcts, 

 is a southern form, which has been introduced about the Philadelphia Navy 

 Yard. (Eu.) 



t- -*- Stems slender, simple, tufted, leafy below: root perennial (fi. early in summer). 



12. J. Gerardi, Loisel. (Black-Grass.) Stems scarcely flattened, rigid 

 (l°-2° high) ; panicle contracted, usually longer than the bracteal leaf; flow- 

 ers chestnut-brown with green (l|"long) ; sepals oval-oblong, obtuse, incurved, 

 as long as the oval obtuse and mucronate pod ; anthers much longer than the 

 short filaments ; style as long as the ovary; seeds (nearly &" long) obovate, 

 short pointed at both ends, delicately ribbed and cross-lined. — Salt marshes : 

 common along the coast, especially northward; also in saline marshes 

 of W. New York: rare along the Great Lakes. (Eu.) — The closely allied 

 J. bulbosus, L. (to which this was referred in a former edition) has not yet 

 been found in this country. 



