556 CYPERACEJR, (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



3. DUXiiCHITJM, Richard. Dulichium. (PL 1.) 



Spikes many- (6 - 10-) flowered, linear, flattened, sessile in 2 ranks on axillary 

 solitary peduncles emerging from the sheaths of the leaves : scales 2-ranked, 

 lanceolate, decurrent, forming flat wing-like mai'gins on the joint below. Peri* 

 anth of 6 - 9 downwardly barbed bristles. Stamens 3. Style 2-cleft above.— 

 Achenium flattened, linear-oblong, beaked with the long persistent style. — A 

 perennial herb, with a terete simple culm (l°-2° high), jointed and leafy to the 

 summit; the leaves short and flat, linear, 3-ranked. (The name of a Greek 

 island ; its singular application to an American plant unexplained.) 



1. D. spathaceum, Pers. — Borders of ponds : common. July- Sept. 



4. PUIRENA, Rottboll. ILmbrella-Grass. (PI. 2.) 



Spikes many-flowered, terete, clustered or solitary, axillary and terminal. 

 Scales imbricated in many ranks, awned below the apex, all floriferous. Peri- 

 anth of 3 ovate or heart-shaped petaloid scales, mostly on claws, and usually 

 with as many alternating small bristles. Stamens 3. Style 3-cleft. Achenium 

 triangular, pointed with the persistent base of the style. Culms from a peren- 

 nial root, obtusely triangular. (Named for G. Fuiren, a Danish botanist.) 



1. F. squarr6sa, Michx. Stem (l°-2°high) leafy; leaves and sheaths 

 hairy; spikes ovoid-oblong (6'' long), clustered in heads, bristly with the spread- 

 ing awns of the scales ; perianth-scales ovate and awn-pointed, the interposed 

 bristles minute. — Var. ptjmila, Torr., is a dwarf form, l'-6' high, with 

 2-6 spikes ; perianth-scales ovate-lanceolate and oblanceolate. — Sandy wet 

 places, Massachusetts to Virginia, and southward ; also Michigan : northward 

 mostly the small variety. Aug. 



5. LIPOCARPHA, R.Br. Lipocabpha. (PI. 2.) 



Spikes terete, many-flowered, in a terminal close cluster, which is involucrate 

 by leafy bracts. Scales spatulate, regularly imbricated all round in many ranks, 

 awnless, deciduous, a few of the lowest empty. Inner scales (bractlets) 2 to 

 each flower, thin, one between the scale of the spike and the flower, one between 

 the latter and the axis of the spike. Bristles or other perianth none. Stamens 

 1 or 2. Style 2 -3-cleft. Achenium flattish or triangular, naked at the tip. — 

 Culms leafy at the base. (Name formed of \iiro$,fat, and <dp(pos, chaff, from 

 the thickness of the inner scales of some species.) 



1. L. maeulata, Torr. Annual; culm C4'-8' high) much longer than 

 the linear concave leaves; spikes (1" -2" long) green and dark-spotted; inner 

 scales delicate ; stamen one ; achenium oblong with a contracted base. — Petty's 

 Island, Philadelphia, Prof. Leidy, Sj-c. Probably adventive from S. States. 



6. HEMICARPHA, Nees. Hemicarpha. (PI. 2.) 



Spike, flowers, &c. just as in Scirpus, except that there is a minute trans 

 lucent scale (readily overlooked) between the flower and the axis of the spike. 

 Stamen only one. Style 2-cleft. Bristles or other perianth none. (Name from 

 nfii, half, and K<ip(pog, straw or chaff, in allusion to the single inner scalelet.) 





