30 MISC. PUBLICATION 498, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Visible symptoms of heat injury become accentuated as time elapses 

 after the fruit has been subjected to the heated solution. Consequently, 

 on a given lot of fruit it is usually more noticeable on the market 

 than at the shipping point. 



If the browning here described is found at shipping point or on 

 fruit just arrived on the market, it can be taken as evidence of heat 

 injury. However, somewhat similar symptoms may be found on fruit 

 from cold storage, in which case it could have resulted from too long 

 an exposure to low temperatures, and probably should be called aging 

 (p. 18), particularly if the fruit is known to have been in good condi- 

 tion when stored. 



MELANOSE 



(See Grapefruit, Melanose, p. 5, and pi. 2, A and B. and pi. 3, A.) 



OIL SPOTTING (OLEOCELLOSIS) 



(See Lemons, Oil Spotting (Oleocellosis), p. 14. and pi. 11, A 

 and B.) 



ORANGE TORTRIX INJURY 



{Argyrotacnia citrana (Fernald)) 



In recent years the orange tortrix has become an important pest 

 of oranges in California, particularly in the southern part of the State. 



Orange tortrix injury consists of burrows just through the rind, 

 made by the larva of the insect (see pi. 18, C). The injury blemishes 

 the fruit, causes some of it to drop prematurely, and offers a place for 

 easy entrance of decay organisms, especially under conditions that 

 favor the development of water spot (see p. 34). 



(See 93, 118.) 



PITTING 



(See Grapefruit, Pitting, p. 5. and pi. 15, C and D.) 



PUFFINESS 



Puffiness in citrus fruits is a condition in which the rind becomes 

 thickened and somewhat soft and may become separated from the 

 segments beneath so that it stands away from them and is loose. 

 Affected fruits lose their natural shape in tight packs, and the loose 

 rind sometimes cracks, thus affording easy entrance for the organisms 

 causing blue mold and green mold rots. 



Puffiness is found in mature and overmature fruit. In California 

 oranges it is often associated with creasing, though fruit may be 

 puffy without being creased (pi. 16, E). Puffiness is exceedingly rare 

 in Florida oranges. Tangerines and satsumas, however, sometimes 

 become puffy while still on the tree and often before they are ripe. 



(See 43.) 



PURPLE SCALE 



(See Grapefruit, Purple Scale, p. 6. and pi. 3. C.) 



SCAB 



(See Grapefruit. Scab, p. 7. and pi. 1, D.) 





