MARKET DISEASES OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 3 



cause undesirable color changes. High humidity favors the growth 

 of fungi, and low humidity cause- loss in weight and | ssi shrivel- 

 ing, especially if combined with high temperature. For all of these 



- ns. the management of storage rooms for citrus and other sub- 

 tropical fruits and the choice of conditions under whi hi - dp them 

 to market, whether under refrigeration or under ventilation, are not 

 likely to sive the best results unless I on an intelligent use of all 



available Information concerning the market - Ases : those fruits. 



CITRUS FRUITS 

 Grapefruit 



AGING 



See Oranges. Aging, p. IS. and pi. 12. A and B. ) 



ANTHRACNOSE 

 Associated with t porioidea Pena. a 1 



OCCCB£ENCEs SYMPTC:.5. AMD KEFBCTS 



Anthracnose is found on oranges, lemons, and grapefruit in gp 

 and packing houses, as well as on the market and in storage | pi. 1. A i . 

 The anthracnose that the grower or shipper sees is rarely more than 

 a pit or two and is seldom observed before midseason. If these pits ait 

 of long standing, a few C 'oV.etot rieku elop 



into decay in the field, may be found on the long- 

 pits. Affected fruits - lack 



^ bs i g in siz rtei i e-half inch re in 



diameter. These spots undoubtedly started as bruise rwise 



injured areas, which were latei fungus. 



On them there usually occur small black spe sisting 



of spores and the mycelial pads [( trichum) that produce them. 



The spo: ii may be produced in such pads on rotten spots only 



one-half inch in diameter, a r first; fter ex 



the air they become discolored and in mass appear gray to black. The 



affected rind is rather tender, but there is no lis I the rag 



as in alternaria rot until late stages of the disease. A 



advanced stages, penetnr 



actual rot. If it occurs at the stem end thi 1 area is sunken and 



there is a definite line of demarcation between heal: 



tissue. Anthi - 



region, if affected, is gray to black, fading through pink to the norma] 



color. 



CAUSAL 7AL . 



Anthracnose is attributed to in: fungus 4 hum 



gloeo-<poriok!ts. This fungus - : _ the cause 



of withertip of citrus but is now considered merely . lary in- 



vader following the injuring of the young growth by other agencies; 

 for example, drought, scab infection, or rx : -oil con- 



2 Perfect st^- etia cingul - Spauld V. £ 



