MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE WEST INDIES 413 
A slender branching annual with flat or folded ciliate blades and a 
few-flowered panicle with capillary branchlets, the brown spikelets 
raised on a hairy callus of nearly equal length, the twisted bent awns 
up to 15 cm long (fig. 363). 
Sandy pine barrens, Florida and Cuba. 
Cusa: Pinar del Rio, Wright 3895. Baragué, Hitchcock 233838. 
Isla de Pinos, Ekman 11628; Taylor 46. 
La DET ROROGON Pers. syn. Pll 2:°5337 “1807 
Spikelets in pairs, one sessile, the other pedicellate, both of the 
lower few to several pairs staminate or neuter, the remainder of the 
sessile spikelets perfect, terete, long-awned, the pedicellate spikelets, 
like the lower staminate, flat, conspicuous, awnless; glumes of the 
fertile spikelet equal, coriaceous, the first brown-hirsute, infolding 
the second; lemmas thin and hyaline, the fertile one narrow, extend- 
ing into a strong bent and twisted brown awn; glumes of the staminate 
spikelet membranaceous, the first green, faintly many-nerved, asym- 
metric, one submarginal keel rather broadly winged, the other wing- 
less, the margins inflexed, the second glume narrower, symmetric. 
Annual or perennial grasses, with flat blades and mostly solitary 
racemes terminal on the culms and branches; rachis slender, the lower 
part, bearing the pairs of staminate spikelets, continuous, the re- 
mainder disarticulating obliquely at the base of each joint, the joint 
forming a sharp barbed callus below the fertile spikelet, the pedicel- 
late spikelet readily falling. 
Plants perennial, 60 to 100 cm tall; first glume of staminate spikelet pilose. 
Ike CONTORTUS. 
Plants annual, usually more than 1 m tall; first glume of staminate spikelet 
beset with a row of glands along the back, not pilose__2. H. MELANOCARPUS. 
1. Heteropogon contortus (L.) Beauv.; Roem. and Schult., Syst. Veg. 
DS dOns ESL. TANGLEHEAD. 
Andropogon contortus L., Sp. Pl. 1045. 1753. India. 
ee enopogon secundus Willd. : Nees, Agrost. Bras. 364. 1829. 
raz 
Branching perennial; culms compressed, 40 to 100 cm n tall: blades 2 
to 4 mm wide, scabrous; racemes solitary, excluding awns 3 to 8cm 
long, somewhat curved: spikelets imbricate, the lower awnless, the 
upper with brown bent awns, 5 to 8 cm long, red-brown. Lemon- 
scented when fresh (fig. 364). 
Rocky slopes and cliffs. Southwestern United States and the West 
Indies to Argentina and Bolivia; warmer parts of the Old World. 
Cupa: Arroyo Arenas, Léon 16423. Sancti Spiritus, Léon 897, 
4095, 5356; Sergius 2792. Guantinamo, Ekman 10179. Eastern 
Cuba, Wright 1559. 
Jamaica: Halls Delight, Harris 11259. Grants Pen, Harris 11540. 
Guava Ridge, Harris 11290. Gordon Town, Hitchcock 9324. Health- 
shire Hills, Harris 11351, 11610; Hitchcock 9756. Lititz, Harris 
11738. New Forest, Hitchcock 9839. 
Harti: Monte Cabrete, Cook, Scofield, and Doyle 71, 102. Port- 
au-Prince, Hkman H 2028; Leonard 15862. Pétionville, Leonard 
4942; Hkman H 3244. St. Marc, Leonard 3419. Les Anglais, Ekman 
H 383. 
