UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION No. 340 



Washington, D, C. 



July 1939 



MARKET DISEASES 



OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES: 



GRAPES AND OTHER SMALL FRUITS 1 



By Dean H. Rose, senior physiologist, C. O. Bratley, associate pathologist, and 

 W. T. Pentzer, physiologist, Division of Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases, 

 Bureau of Plant Industry 



CONTENTS 



Blackberries, currants, and dewberries 1 



Blue mold rot, gray mold rot 1 



Rhizopusrot 1 



Cranberries 2 



Freezing, chilling, and smothering injury.. 2 



Fungus rots 2 



Gooseberries 3 



Powdery mildew 3 



Grapes 3 



Anthracnose 3 



Black measles 4 



Black mold rot 4 



Black rot 5 



Blue mold rot 6 



Bruising 7 



Buckskin 7 



Cracking 7 



Downy mildew 7 



Freezing injury 8 



Gray mold rot 8 



Green mold rot 10 



Hail injury 10 



Heat injury 11 



Internal browning 11 



Page 



Grapes— Continued. 



Ohanez spot.... 11 



Powdery mildew 11 



Rain damage 13 



Raisining 14 



Rhizopusrot 14 



Ring mildew 14 



Scarring 15 



Shot berry 15 



Sulphur dioxide injury 15 



Sulphur injury 17 



Sun kissed 17 



Water berry 18 



Raspberries 18 



Mold 18 



Strawberries 19 



Gray mold rot 19 



Leather rot 19 



Rhizoctonia rot 21 



Rhizopusrot 21 



Sclerotinia rot 23 



Tan brown rot 23 



Literature cited 24 



BLACKBERRIES, CURRANTS, AND DEWBERRIES 



BLUE MOLD ROT, GRAY MOLD ROT 



(See Grapes, Blue mold rot, p. 6 and Grapes, Gray mold rot, p. 8 and pi. 2) 



RHIZOPUS ROT 



(See Strawberries, Rhizopus rot, p. 21 and pi. 9) 



1 This publication is the sixth in a series designed to aid in the recognition and identification of pathological 

 conditions of economic importance affecting fruits and vegetables in the channels of marketing, to facilitate 

 the market inspection of these food products, and to prevent losses from such conditions. It represents an 

 extended revision and elaboration, with the addition of colored illustrations, of a preliminary (multigraphed) 

 Handbook of Diseases of Fruits Under Market, Storage, and Transit Conditions, prepared in 1919 by Dean 

 H. Rose and the late O. F. Burger for the use of the food-products inspectors of the Bureau of Agricultural 

 Economics. The material is organized on the basis of the botanical families to which the plants belong, but 

 no botanical system is followed in arranging these families. Practical considerations make it desirable to 

 issue the material in separate sections arranged somewhat in the order of the economic importance of the 

 crops. The Host Index of the Fungi of North America, by A. B. Seymour, 1929, is used in the main as a 

 guide to the nomenclature of causal fungi and the names of authorities therefor. The colored plates are 

 reproduced from water-color paintings by L. C. C. Krieger, R. C. Steadman, Mary D. Arnold, and J. 

 Marion Shull, of the Bureau of Plant Industry, under the direction of Dean H. Rose and D. F. Fisher, and 

 from colored photographs prepared through the collaboration of Webster Bros., Chicago, 111., under the 

 direction of Dean H. Rose and the late 0. F. Burger. 



