45 
so that the insects, whether upon the upper or lower surface, or 
whether, disturbed by the spraying, they seek to fly away, are sure 
to be caught by the deadly mist. Two pumps were used, one with 
kerosene emulsion and the other with kero-water—not at the same 
time, of course. These pumps were placed on a small raised plat- 
form in order to bring the handles within easy reach of the man 
pumping. The hose can be so connected with the horizontal pipes 
as to throw all the liquid forced up by one pump into the two 
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Fic. 2.—Outfit used for spraying young apple trees for Empoasca mali (original). 
horizontals when one pump is used alone, or into one horizontal under 
the same condition; or when both pumps are used the liquid is forced 
equally into the entire system of piping. As a matter of fact, we 
found that in using kerosene emulsion one pump could easily make a 
good spray from all the nozzles. It is evident that this outfit can be 
used with any spraying compound. The tank, resting on the plat- 
form between the wheels, was made of strong galvanized iron and 
was 2 feet 10 inches in diameter and 34 feet high, holding about 
165 gallons. The faucet in the bottom behind permitted the empty- 
ing of the tank at any time, and there was a hole 14 inches square in 
