08 
INSECTS OF THE YEAR IN COLORADO. 
By C. P. GILLETTE, Fort Collins, Colo. 
ORCHARD ENEMIES. 
THE CODLING MOTH. 
(Carpocapsa pomonella Linn.) 
Our experiments and studies with this insect for the past two years 
have been chiefly for the purpose of determining the comparative 
values of early and late spraying, the number of times that it is 
advisable to spray, and the best poison to use. Besides conducting 
experiments in orchards near Fort Collins, the writer has visited 
many orchards in the different apple-growing sections of the State 
and has made counts of many thousands of apples in orchards sprayed 
in different ways to determine percentages of wormy fruit. I have 
found no reason to change the advice already given out to the 
orchardists of the State, namely, to spray first as soon as the petals 
are fairly well off, to repeat the spray in one week, and then make a 
third spraying about the 4th of July. If the first and second spray- 
ings are thorough the third will hardly be needed. The first spray- 
ing. if thoroughly done at the right time, seems to be worth more 
than all the applications that are made afterward. 
An examination of the fruit in October in many orchards that 
were sprayed two or three times, as above directed, indicated that 
less than 5 per cent of the fruit in such orchards was wormy at that 
date. Unsprayed orchards near by would have from 50 to 95 per 
cent wormy. 
Arsenate of lead has been used quite extensively in Colorado the 
past season and with splendid results. Almost without exception, 
those who used this poison the past summer say they will continue to 
use it even if it is more expensive. Many orchardists have told me 
that they no longer. fear any serious losses from the coding moth. 
PLANT-LICE. 
There are a few plant-lice that are serious orchard pests in Colo- 
cado every year. The woolly apple aphis (Schizoneura lanigera 
Hausm.) is one of these. At the present time almost as much com- 
plaint is made of it as of the codling moth. Treatment by orchardists 
seems seldom to be satisfactory. Many who use tobacco about the 
roots of the trees think they do not get good results. I should like 
very much to hear of the experiences of the members of this society 
in fighting this insect both on the roots and the branches of the trees. 
What have you found to be the best treatment ? 
The black cherry aphis (J/yzus cerasi Fab.) and the green plum 
aphis (Aphis prunifoliw Fitch) are much complained of nearly every 
