22 
mendations of the entomologist into disrepute. However, the ques- 
tion of a safe and efficient treatment of this insect in orchards appears 
now to be settled, and, aside from questions of convenience in prepa- 
ration and the time of application, the experimental stage is prac- 
tically passed. 
There is a tendency, however, in the recent literature on the lime, 
sulphur, and salt wash, the advisability of which is perhaps open to 
question. I refer to the publication for the use of the fruit grower 
of the various formule known in its preparation. He is scarcely 
able to know what is best; consequently he must simply pay the 
money and take his choice. As a matter of fact, there appears to be 
room for great latitude in the proportions of the ingredients used 
and in the manner of preparation without injuriously affecting the 
efficiency of the wash. The tendency is perhaps to adopt the so-called 
even-quantity formula, namely, one part each of the lime, sulphur, 
and salt to three parts of water. It would appear highly desirable 
that a standard formula be adopted for the convenience of fruit 
growers, as the directions for its preparation at the present time 
differ more or less for almost every State. Or is it, perhaps, true 
that climatic and other conditions vary so much in the Eastern States 
that a formula found effective in Virginia, for instance, would not 
necessarily be as effective in Maryland, Ohio, or Connecticut ? 
The interest in mosquitoes, which had been steadily growing from 
about 1894, as a result, primarily, of the work of Doctor Howard, 
was given a great stimulus in the latter part of that decade by the 
demonstration by a group of medical men of the role which these 
insects play in the transmission of malarial and yellow fever. Imme- 
diately these insects became objects of the greatest interest, and 
entomologists were called upon to furnish information concerning 
their life histories, habits, and classification. The mosquito has been 
studied in many quarters, and the contributions of American ento- 
mologists have been very important. Since 1900 a remarkably large 
amount of work has been done, as the following partial list of publi- 
cations treating of the Culicids testifies: 
Notes on the Mosquitoes of the United States. Howard, 1900, pp. 70. 
Gnats and Mosquitces. Giles, 1900. pp. 314. 
Malaria. Hyre. 1900, pp. 275. 
Monograph of the Culicide. Theobald, Vols. I and II, 1900, pp. 817, plates 59. 
Mesquitoes. Howard, 1901, pp. 241. 
Our Near Neighbor, the Mosquito. Rich, 1901, pp. 58. 
Gnats and Mosquitoes. Giles, 2d ed., 1902, pp. 530. 
Laboratory Work with Mosquitoes. Berkely, 1902, pp. 112. 
Mosquito Exterminatien, North Shore, Long Island. 1902, pp. 125. 
Mosquito Brigades. Ross, 1902, pp. 98. 
First Anti-Mosquito Convention. 1903, pp. 85. 
Monograph of the Culicidze. Theobald, Vol. III, 1903, pp. 539. 
Common Mosquitoes of New Jersey. Smith, 1904, pp. 40. 
