22 MISC. PUBLICATION 604, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
If the average of defective apples was within the tolerances specified in the 
grade packed, he would enter the name of the grade under the grade heading. 
If the average exceeded the tolerances, he would report the load as failing to 
meet the grade and the reasons therefor. Before leaving the car, the inspector 
would note the time of completing his inspection, and as a final step tack up a 
card to show where, when and by whom the car was inspected. 
Before leaving the packinghouse, the inspector would recheck all his notes, 
including the one covering the car number, to see that all information was com- 
pletely and accurately recorded. Upon returning to the inspection office, which 
might not be before nightfall if he had other cars to inspect, the inspector would 
hand in his worksheet to the supervisor or inspector in charge, who would also 
check the information entered on the sheet before having the certificate typed 
for mailing to the applicant. A copy of the typed certificate is attached to the 
worksheet for filing in the inspection office. Such is the usual procedure in 
inspecting a car of fruits or vegetables at shipping point, with variations, of course, 
to take care of different products and situations. 
A reproduction of a typical shipping- -point inspection certificate, which is 
furnished each applicant for inspection, is shown in figure 4. 
Why Shippers Take Inspection 
The question is often asked as to why growers and shippers are willing to pay 
several dollars for a little sheet of paper giving a description of a carload or truck- 
load of produce when inspection, so far as the Federal Government is concerned, 
is not compulsory. In the first place, he knows that the information given on 
the inspection certificate is accepted as prima facie evidence of the facts stated 
therein by all Federal courts and most State courts. 
Consequently, if he has a contract with a distant buyer to deliver a carload 
of a product of a certain grade, as shown on the certificate, he has the satisfaction 
of knowing that his shipment complies with the grade provisions of that contract 
and if, for that reason, the shipment is not accepted by the receiver, the latter 
must prove just cause for the rejection. He regards the few dollars invested 
in the inspection service as cheap insurance, and indeed it is when compared 
with the loss that might be incurred in case of the unjust rejection of even one 
car of produce. 
There are other advantages which the shipper appreciates also. Many large 
shippers receive valuable assistance from the inspectors in the proper methods of 
grading, packing, and loading their produce for shipment. Inspectors are not 
required to carry on such educational work, but when asked, and time permits, 
they are only too willing to pass on their non ledee to others. 
Aside from all other advantages, many shippers feel that the cost of the service 
pays them well simply from the psychological effect that the presence of the 
inspector in the packinghouse has on the quality of work done by the employees. 
Inspection of Raw Products for Processing 
Federal supervisors in the various States also supervise the inspection of raw 
products for processing at canneries and other processing plants. In a few 
States this type of inspection reaches greater proportion than the regular carlot 
shipping-point inspection of fruits and vegetables for fresh market. Such inspec- 
tion calls for somewhat different procedure than carlot inspection. The canner 
or processor, who usually is the applicant, must necessarily make application 
for inspection considerably in advance of the harvesting season in order that the 
inspection service may make the necessary arrangements to furnish the service. 
