SCALE INSECTS OF THE GENUS PARLATORIA 25 
PARLATORIA THEAE Cockerell 
CEE G3 Als plsa9s90) ple iat E,) 
First described in 1896 by Cockerell (6, p. 21; 7, p. 55), this in- 
sect and its two supposed varieties viridis Cockerell (6, p. 21) and 
euonyme Cockerell (S, p. 591) have received occasional mention in 
literature, usually in lists or reports of quarantine interceptions. 
Probably the most important of these references is the discussion 
by Kuwana (3, p. 12), which indicates clearly the common identity 
of the species and its two supposed varieties, brings out the dis- 
tribution, host associations, and importance of the insect in Japan, 
and presents studies emphasizing the variability of the paragenitals, 
structures used in part by Cockerell as a basis for his varieties. It 
seems rather surprising, in view of Kuwana’s illustrations and de- 
scription, that Lindinger (35, p. 150) should place this insect and 
its varieties in synonymy under Parlatoria oleae. The two actually 
are quite distinct. Ferris (20, p. S788) expresses the opinion that 
Kuwana’s figures for theae represent instead the species pergandii, 
but this study does not support such a conclusion. One difference 
alone, the large number of paragenitals shown in the figure, is suffi- 
clent, in the face of the existence of a Japanese species distinct from 
pergandii, to remove the Kuwana illustrations from the suspicion 
of incorrect identification. 
Adult female—kKyespot present but small, usually distinct, and when well 
developed appearing in profile as a small hemispherical to short cylindrical 
projection from the body surface. Anterior spiracles in material examined 
critically with 2 to 5 disk pores adjacent, mostly with 2 or 3; posterior spiracles 
with a small but distinct invaginated derm pocket located near each spiracle at 
a point about one-fourth to one-third the distance between spiracle and body 
margin. Duct tubercles rather numerous, small, short, rounded conical; num- 
bers for one side of body, prespiracular, range O to 7, average 3.25; anterior 
spiracular, range 1 to 11, average 4.25; intermediate, range 3 to 12, average 8; 
posterior spiracular, range 8 to 14, average 7.85; first abdominal, range 2 to 
12, average 6.5; totals for one side of body, range 16 to 49, average 30. Dorsal 
submarginal tubular macroducts usually fairly abundant but variable; range 
for one side of body 26 to 95, average about 51. <A single tiny, inconspicuous, 
but apparently distinctly and rather consistently developed, oval sclerotic fleck 
near margin dorsally between third and fourth abdominal segmental lobes. 
Without dorsal intermediate macroducts; microducts in this area apparently 
confined to a few above anterior lateral paragenitals, ranging from O to 4 in 
number, which may be wholly lacking more often than they are present, and 
to a strong cluster in margin of pygidial thickening anterior to paragenitals, 
this cluster apparently always present on each side of body. Number of ducts 
ranging from 3 to 12, with an average of about 6, to the cluster, sometimes in 
addition with 1 or 2 similar ducts between the 2 clusters at or close to the 
midline of the body. Lobes rather small in relation to size of insect, but well 
developed and normally definitely though not conspicuously graded in size from 
median to third, normally distinctly notched on both inner and outer margins; 
fourth lobes and, to a lesser degree, fifth lobes represented by small angular 
projections of pygidial margin, each ending in a point and without or with 1 
or more tiny teeth along edges; fourth lobes distinctly sclerotized, fifth lobes 
only lightly. Plates between fully developed lobes slender; those between third 
and fifth lobes much broader, all these distinctly but not conspicuously fim- 
briate along apical margins; those beyond fifth lobes short, broad at base, 
tapering to a rounded or truncate tip, not fimbriate, but with 1 or 2 projecting 
fingers. Paragenitals rather numerous but variable, mostly in 4 groups but 
occasionally with an anterior median group of 1 to 5 pores also present; in 
material critically examined, anterior median, present in 10 percent of speci- 
mens, range 0 to 5; anterior laterals, range of one group 5 to 24 pores, average 
