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MISC. PUBLICATION 295, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Figure 13.— The Mullan Tree (Western White Pine), on the Coeur d'Alene 

 National Forest. Idaho. 



fresh-water trails, or trails of raiding and warring parties. As time moved 

 on, the tread of the soft moccasined feet gave way to the rumble of wagon 

 wheels, and these in turn to the gleaming rails and concrete roads of modern 

 streamlined train and motor traffic. 



Birch-bark canoes no longer line the banks of the Mississippi. The Indian 

 campfire has given way to the smokestack. Where once the red man pitched 

 his wigwam, there rise tall apartment houses of steel and stone. The warwhoop 

 of the aborigine has been replaced by the auto siren and the shrill whistle of 

 the lightning express train. But as the stone age was transformed into the 

 machine age. a few remnants of the past remained standing in the shape of 

 old Indian trail trees dutifully pointing out the direction of former routes now 

 followed by the super-highways of the white man. 



Indian trail trees are still growing throughout the Mississippi Valley region 

 and in the eastern and southern United States. They are most common, 

 however, in Cook and Lake Counties, 111., north of Chicago (49, 50) (Fig. 14). 



