young and undersized trees ranging 

 from 10 to 16 inches in diameter, ac- 

 cording to the stand, is destructive not 

 only of future forest values but actually 

 of present profits, since the small trees 

 do not yield enough high-quality lum- 

 ber to repay costs of handling and man- 

 ufacture. By selective cutting, taking 

 only the larger trees and leaving the 

 smaller trees to grow, better lumber is 

 produced and a basis is maintained for 

 profitable timber crops in the future. 

 The findings are beginning to be ap- 

 plied in the practice of both large and 

 small operators, with increasing pros- 

 pects of restocking and reseeding of 

 stands, repeated cuttings, and the eco- 

 nomic benefits arising from sustained 

 forest productivity. The studies need 

 to be extended to a wider range of tim- 

 ber types and to the production of com- 

 modities other than standard lumber. 



Reduction of waste 



Research projects to reduce the per- 

 centage of waste in harvesting the forest 

 crop approach the problem from sev- 

 eral directions — the use of less destruc- 

 tive machinery, the conversion of woods 

 and mill waste into useful products, and 

 profitable alteration of the form of the 

 product. The production of dimension 

 stock cut to size for factory use makes 

 possible the salvaging of a large volume 

 of clear material from slabs, edgings, 

 and defective lumber. Saving in freight 

 on waste, and reduction of cutting re- 

 quired in the factory, have proved to be 

 important factors in reduction of costs 

 to the user. The further development 

 of methods for producing high-quality 

 dimension stock, including its sawing, 

 seasoning, and bundling, is under in- 

 vestigation. 



M-30569-F 



Development of lightweight power equip- 

 ment brings nearer the economic possibility 

 o£ pruning branches and securing growth of 

 wood free of knots earlier in the life 

 of the tree. 



Farm woodlands 

 and small holdings 



To make possible the production of 

 better lumber by the farm community, 

 a new type of portable sawmill with 

 band saw is under development, and 

 an economical and effective small dry 

 kiln has been designed and tested. Ex- 

 periments are being made in the use of 

 small material for the production of 



