The heaviest stands occur in the shortleaf- 

 loblolly-hardwood type, which averages 13% 

 cords per acre. Some stands in the southwestern 

 portion of the unit contain as high as 40 or more 

 cords per acre. The hardwood types average 

 about 12 cords per acre, more than half of which is 

 nonpulping material. The longleaf types, con- 

 taining most of the clear-cut acreage, average 

 only 5 cords per acre. 



Figure 13 shows the average cordwood volume 



1 



, 





LONGLEAF TYPES 



SHORTLEAF - LOBLOLLY - 

 HAROWOOO TYPES 



HARDWOOD TYPES 



Figure 1 3. — Cords per acre in the various species groups within 

 major type groups 



per acre of each species group in the type groups. 

 This theoretical volume is obtained by dividing 

 the volume of each species group within the type 

 by the type area, and therefore includes clear-cut 

 and reproduction along with the wooded areas. 



The annual increment of pulpwood per acre 

 varies with the type, condition, and degree of 

 stocking. In the shortleaf-loblolly-hardwood type 

 group (table 4) and second-growth sawlog-size 

 uncut condition, there was an average increment 

 in 1935 of 0.9 cord of pine, 0.1 cord of pulping 

 hardwoods, and 0.1 cord of nonpulping hardwoods- 

 Under-sawlog-size stands in this same type group 

 increased that year by 0.5 cord of pine and 0.1 

 cord of hardwoods. The weighted-average annual 



increment per acre of all types and conditions was 

 about 0.46 cord of pine, 0.07 cord of pulping hard- 

 woods, and 0.11 cord of nonpulping hardwoods — 

 a total of 0.64 cord per acre. These estimates of 

 increment are based on the stocking of the respec- 

 tive conditions at the time of the inventory; with 

 variations in stocking there will be a corresponding 

 change in the annual increment. 



Observations were made on second-growth pine 

 trees throughout the unit to determine their com- 

 parative quality. Expressed in percent of the total 

 board-foot volume for that species, 81 percent of 

 the longleaf is in smooth trees, 1 6 percent in limby, 

 and 3 percent in rough trees. Loblolly has 60 per- 

 cent of its volume in smooth trees, with about 20 

 percent in each of the other two grades. Of the 

 shortleaf 67 percent is in smooth trees, 27 percent 

 in limby, and 6 percent in rough. Thus there are 

 approximately 8 million cords of second-growth 

 pine in limby and rough trees. 



Land in southeastern Texas, primarily a section 

 of large landownerships, is held chiefly by lumber 

 companies, several of which are keeping their land 

 for permanent operations. In 1929 nearly 4 mil- 

 lion acres of forest land was controlled by only 77 

 separate owners, each of which owned not less than 

 3,000 acres; one owned more than 700,000 acres. 

 The Federal Government has purchased over half 

 a million acres for national forests. Such land, 

 held on a long-time basis for continuous saw-timber 

 production, should provide large quantities of pulp- 

 wood from logging and mill waste, as well as from 

 thinnings and improvement cuttings. Supple- 

 menting this will be the cordwood produced on 

 the million acres of forest land held in small tracts 

 by the 35,400 farm operators in the unit. 



If a rational policy is followed in the utilization 

 of the annual increment of the unit, that is, if a 

 part is used to supply the requirements for lumber, 

 poles, piles, ties, and similar commodities, a part 

 for pulpwood, and a part is reserved to build up 

 the growing stock, the annual yield of both saw- 

 timber and cordwood could be greatly increased. 

 To illustrate: In the pines alone, if 40 percent of 

 the increment in the 8-, 10-, and 12-inch diameter 

 classes were cut for pulpwood and 60 percent were 

 reserved to grow into sawlog sizes; and if 90 per- 

 cent of the 14-inch and larger sizes were cut into 

 saw-timber products while the remainder were 



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