Figure 10. — A large pine sawmill. 



The 620 million board feet of lumber produced 

 from local timber, augmented by some 16 million 

 feet of saw timber cut in the unit and supplied to 

 outside mills, made a total saw-timber drain occa- 

 sioned by the lumber industry of 636 million board 

 feet, or, including incidental waste, 103,390,000 

 cubic feet. This accounts for 69 percent of the 

 total commodity drain in the unit, which differs 

 from the actual production of sawmills and other 

 wood-using plants and activities by the amount of 

 woods waste incidental to manufacture. 



CROSS TIES 



During 1935 there were produced within the 

 unit 1,423,000 cross ties, of which 66 percent were 

 pine and the remainder mixed hardwoods. About 

 85 percent of the pine trees used for ties were as 

 small as 12 and 14 inches d. b. h. Hardwood 

 trees used for ties ranged from 12 to 24 inches in 

 diameter. Most of the ties were sold to local rail- 

 roads and treating plants. Cross-tie operations 

 furnished 213,000 man-days of labor. 



The requirement of the cross-tie industry in saw 

 timber was 69,800,000 board feet, which, includ- 

 ing incidental waste, was equivalent to a drain of 



11,940,000 cubic feet against the good-tree inven- 

 tory, or 8 percent of the total cubic-foot drain. 



POLES AND PILES 



In all, 144,000 poles and piles were produced in 

 the unit in 1935, all of which came from pine 

 timber. This industry furnished about 26,000 

 man-days of labor in the woods. Sawlog-size trees 

 used in the production of poles and piles in this 

 area in 1935 contained 8,000,000 board feet. 

 Under-sawlog-size trees used during the same 

 period contained 250,000 cubic feet. Total cubic- 

 foot drain of sawlog- and under-sawlog-size mate- 

 rial, including incidental waste, was 1,780,000 

 cubic feet, or 1 percent of the total cubic-foot 

 drain of all forest industries operating in this area. 



PULPWOOD 



In 1935 there were no pulp mills operating in 

 the unit. No pulpwood was cut and none has been 

 included in the utilization drain. The new pulp 

 mill at Houston, completed early in 1937, will 

 cause an estimated annual drain of 100,000 cords 

 of pine pulpwood from the unit. A pulp and 

 paper mill at Orange has been idle for several 



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