Longleaf '-hardwoods. — Wherein neither pines nor hard- 

 woods alone make up 75 percent of the saw-timber volume 

 in sawlog-size stands or 75 percent of the dominant and 

 codominant stems in under-sawlog-size stands, but at 

 least 25 percent of the stand is longleaf pine in either case. 



Longleaf -loblolly. — At least 75 percent of the saw-timber 

 volume in sawlog-size stands or at least 75 percent of 

 the dominant and codominant stems in under-sawlog-size 

 stands is in longleaf and loblolly pine, but less than 75 per- 

 cent of the stand is composed of either species alone. 



Longleaj-shortleaj '. — At least 75 percent of the saw-timber 

 volume in sawlog-size stands, or at least 75 percent of the 

 dominant and codominant stems in under-sawlog-size 

 stands is in longleaf and shortleaf pine, but less than 75 

 percent of the stand is composed of either species alone. 



Loblolly. — Loblolly pine constituting at least 75 percent 

 of the saw-timber volume, or at least 75 percent of the 

 dominant and codominant stems in under-sawlog-size 

 stands. 



Loblolly-hardwoods. — Wherein neither loblolly nor hard- 

 woods alone makes up 75 percent of the saw-timber volume 

 of sawlog-size stands or 75 percent of the dominant and 

 codominant stems in under-sawlog-size stands, but at 

 least 25 percent of the stand is loblolly in either case. 



Shortleaf. — Shortleaf pine constituting at least 75 percent 

 of the saw-timber volume in sawlog-size stands or at least 

 75 percent of the dominant and codominant stems in under- 

 sawlog-size stands. 



Shortleaf -hardwoods . — Wherein neither shortleaf nor hard- 

 woods alone makes up 75 percent of the saw-timber volume 

 of sawlog-size stands or 75 percent of the dominant and 

 codominant stems in under-sawlog-size stands, but at 

 least 25 percent of the stand is shortleaf in either case. 



Shortleaf -loblolly . — At least 75 percent of the saw-timber 

 volume in sawlog-size stands or at least 75 percent of the 

 dominant and codominant stems in under-sawlog-size 

 stands is in shortleaf and loblolly pine, but less than 75 per- 

 cent of the stand is made up of either species alone. 



Topographic Situations 



Flatwoods. — Areas having low, flat topography and re- 

 sultant poor drainage, generally with sandy soils, and 

 usually supporting a stand of mixed pines. 



Rolling uplands. — Areas of rolling or hilly topography that 

 are well drained and usually have light soils. 



Swamps, bays, ponds, and branch heads. — Low, wet, poorly 

 drained areas, frequently under water and supporting 

 mixed stands of hardwoods, cypress, and some pine. 



River bottoms. — Alluvial land subject to inundation, bor- 

 dering rivers and their tributaries. Stands of mixed hard- 

 woods with some cypress and pine in scattered groups 

 characterize these sites. 



Forest Conditions 



Old-growth uncut. — Old-growth stands from which less 

 than 10 percent of the volume has been cut. 



Old-growth partly cut. — Old-growth stands from which 10 

 percent or more of the volume has been cut, but in which 

 the remaining old-growth saw timber contains at least 

 1,000 board feet per acre of hardwood, or 600 board feet 

 of pine or pine and hardwood mixed. 



Second-growth sawlog-size uncut. — Second-growth stands 

 rom which less than 1 percent of the sawlog-size trees 

 have been cut, and in which the remaining saw timber 

 contains at least 600 board feet per acre. 



Second-growth sawlog-size partly cut. — Second-growth stands 

 from which 10 percent or more of the sawlog-size trees 

 have been cut, but in which the remaining saw timber 

 contains at least 400 board feet per acre. 



Second-growth under-sawlog-size uncut. — Second -growth 

 stands composed predominantly of under-sawlog-size 

 trees, less than 10 percent of which have been cut. The 

 saw timber present contains less than 600 board feet per 

 acre. 



Second-growth under-sawlog-size partly cut. — Second-growth 

 stands composed predominantly of under-sawlog-size 

 trees, at least 10 percent of which have been cut. The saw 

 timber present contains less than 600 board feet per acre. 



Reproduction. — Areas insufficiently stocked to classify as 

 second-growth, but bearing per acre more than 80 seed- 

 lings less than 1 inch d. b. h. 



Clear-cut. — Cut-over areas in which an insufficient quan- 

 tity of young growth has come in to classify them either as 

 second growth or as reproduction. 



Pine Tree Grades 



Smooth tree. — A tree with at least 20 feet of clear length, 

 and with at least 50 percent of the total merchantable 

 length clear. The clear length must be at least 80 percent 

 free from knots or limbs. 



Limby tree. — A tree with at least 12 feet of clear length, 

 and the clear length must be at least 80 percent free from 

 knots or limbs. 



Rough tree. — A tree too rough to be put in cither of the 

 previous classes. 



Hardwood Log Grades 



Grade 1 . — Logs of the size and quality suitable for indus- 

 trial lumber. They must be at least 50 percent sound, 

 with a minimum top diameter of 14 inches and a minimum 

 length of 12 feet. They should yield at least 30 percent 

 of No. 1 Common lumber. Defects must be located so 

 that at least 60 percent of the surface is clear. 



Grade 2. — Logs of the size and quality suitable for cooper- 

 age and small-dimension use, with a minimum top diame- 

 ter of 10 inches and a minimum length of 10 feet. They 

 must be at least 50 percent sound and should yield at least 

 30 percent of No. 1 Common lumber, but may have sweep 

 that would disqualify them for grade 1 logs. Sixty percent 

 of the surface must be clear. 



Grade 3. — Logs of size and quality suitable only for ties, 

 headings, crates, boxes, and rough structural material, 

 with a minimum top diameter of 10 inches and a mini- 



