FLORAS OF THE WORLD—PART II 23 
available in other works. The useful plants, particularly the 
edible and medicinal species, are the subject of several publica- 
tions, and there are more or less satisfactory works on vernacular 
names, weeds, cultivated plants, plant geography, and some minor 
subjects. : 
The 20 provinces (fylker) into which continental Norway is 
divided are usually combined for phytogeographic purposes into 
18, 2 of them being very small and enclosed by others. Of these 
2 (Finnmark (1934) and Rogaland (1892)) possess full separate 
floras, only the former of which is adequate by modern standards, 
and three others (Nord-Trondelag, Sor-Trondelag, and Troms) as 
well as parts of two more (More og Romsdal, Nordland) are 
covered by floras that include the plants of two or more provinces ; 
11 have no provincial floras. From 1 to 18 local floras are cited 
for each of the 18 fylker except Finnmark, which however, pos- 
sesses the most detailed of the provincial floras. Svalbard, with 
25 titles, not included in the above figures, has a flora (1927) 
covering the two principal islands or island-groups Spitsbergen 
and Bear Island; the last complete flora of the third island 
administratively included in Svalbard, Jan Mayen, published in 
1902, contains barely two-thirds (39) of the vascular plants now 
known, many of which have not yet been reported in print. Of 
172 primary titles cited (including Svalbard), 29 are general, 7 
provincial, and 136 local; and there are 64 subsidiary titles, 
making a total of 236. 
PORTUGAL.—The republic of Portugal, with an area (continen- 
tal) of 88,607 square kilometers (34,216 square miles) has a flora 
of approximately 3,000 species, including introduced plants (Pinto 
da Silva in litt., 1957; Coutinho, 1939, had 2,845, including some 
cultivated species). It has two good floras (Coutinho, 1939, and 
Sampaio, 1947), the first with a long series of additional notes 
and records. There is a rather old (1913) unannotated catalog 
of the species by Sampaio. There is no separate bibliography, 
but Portuguese works up to about 1858 are given by Colmeiro 
along with Spanish titles, and Bellot Rodriguez has published a 
supplement carrying the Portuguese titles through 1935. There 
is an alphabetical list of vernacular names with scientific equiva- 
lents and some notes on uses (Vasconcelos, 1915); vernacular 
names are also given in Coutinho’s and Sampaio’s floras and in 
Colmeiro’s Diccionario (see Spain). There is a work on native 
and cultivated trees, several on medicinal plants, and one on 
poisonous plants, but only partial works on useful plants in 
general and on weeds. There are several works on plant zones 
and botanical regions, an old work on the history of botany, and 
some miscellaneous minor publications. 
Of 11 provinces, only 1 (Trds-os-Montes e Alto Douro) has a 
flora of its own (1944). The number of local floras of the prov- 
inces ranges from 1 (Beira Baixa, Ribatejo) to 13 (Estrema- 
dura). Of 68 primary titles, 24 are general, 1 provincial, and 
43 local; and there are 54 subsidiary titles, making a total of 122. 
SAN MARINO.—The little republic of San Marino, lying on the 
border between the regioni of Emilia and Marche in northeastern 
