FLORAS OF THE WORLD—PART II 15 
and some collaborators (1893-1913), whose infraspecific cate- 
gories are unfortunately not those in use by most other botanists. 
The century-old flora of Grenier and Godron may still be regarded 
as a standard descriptive work. There are good pocket manuals 
by Acloque, Bonnier, and Fournier. There is an old (1868) 
enumeration of species (4,294) by Bautier, including a reciprocal 
list of localities with their rarer species, a catalog by Camus 
(1888), a list of species and races by Léveillé (1916), and two 
lists of hybrids, neither of which is detailed enough to be of much 
value. Under iconographies, besides the perennially useful illus- 
trations in Coste and Bonnier, mention should be made of the 
works of Baillon (500 colored plates), Cusin and Ansberque 
(4,759 plates, black impressions of the plant with small colored 
details), and Jaume St. Hilaire (1,000 colored plates). The most 
extensive bibliographies are those of Holden (to about 1910) and 
Rehder (to 1900). Dilleman published serially a useful list of 
departmental and local floristic works, unfortunately suspended 
when only about a third of the departments had been treated. 
The standard work on vernacular names is Rolland’s Flore popu- 
laire, the greatest collection of this sort in existence; very much 
shorter lists are given by Gatin and Guyettant, and there are 
numerous local catalogs of patois names. 
The leading descriptive manual of trees and woody plants is 
that by Mathieu (4th ed. 1897) ; Gayffier gives 200 excellent habit 
photographs, Guinier began but never completed a series of 
colored plates and habit photographs, and Hickel describes and 
figures the seeds, fruit, and seedlings of wild and cultivated woody 
plants. No less than 18 works (including the partial works) 
describe in greater or less detail the medicinal plants, which are 
also noted in many of the floristic publications; the most compre- 
hensive treatment is the recent 3-volume treatise by Fournier. 
There are several works on edible plants, of which the most com- 
plete appears to be that by Ducomet, one on forage plants, three 
on useful plants in general, and three on weeds. Fournier has 
published a 3-volume work on hardy cultivated ferns and flower- 
ing plants, apparently referring to western Europe in general. 
Among miscellaneous works are publications on ecology, botanical 
regions, folklore, toponymy, extinct and disappearing species, a 
guide for botanizing, and other subjects. 
Of the 90 departments (including Belfort and Corse), 6 
(Ariége, Aude, Haute-Garonne, Loire, Lozére, Niévre), have no 
separate departmental flora of their own and are not included in 
any joint departmental or provincial flora, although each of them 
(except Lozére, which has but 1) possesses several local floras; 
13 (Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin, Haute-Savoie, Hautes-Alpes, Indres, 
Isere, Nord, Puy-de-Dome, Savoie, Seine, Seine-et-Marne, Seine- 
et-Oise, Vaucluse) do not have separate departmental floras but 
are included in joint departmental, provincial, or regional floras; 
the remaining 71 departments have separate floras, but 14 of 
them are better covered by joint floras, all but one of which are 
later than the individual floras concerned. Sixty-three depart- 
ments are dealt with by floras published (or begun) between 1825 
