498 MISC. PUBLICATION 218, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
fourth of the average communal income-real estate tax rate of the 
past 5 years. Other local governmental units may also levy a tax 
on the same base at the rate of one-fourth of their local rates. In 
order to secure an equalization of the receipts from year to year, the 
forest excise tax law provides for the setting aside of a portion of the 
receipts into a fund and limits the amount to be used in any 1 year. 
FOREST CONSERVATION FEE 
The forest conservation ee is in the nature of a special assessment 
levied on owners of forest property for protection purposes. ‘This fee 
is levied against all property which is subject to the forest excise tax; 
in fact, the same tax base is used, 1. e., the stumpage value of timber 
cut. The rate, according to the ordinance of September 28, 1928, 
NO» 2Hoisules percent of the stumpage value of timber cut dur: ng the 
year. This special assessment is levied by the National Government 
but the receipts are placed at the disposal of the various forest 
conservation boards. 
NATIONAL INCOME-PROPERTY TAX 
As previously noted, this is the most important tax of the National 
Government from the standpoint of yield.** The base of this tax for 
any given taxpayer is his net income plus one-sixtieth of the assessed 
value of tangible and intangible property owned by him. The net 
income is determined in the same manner, with minor differences, as 
for the communal income-real estate tax. The assessed value of the 
property as determined for the communal income-real estate tax is 
also used for the national income-property tax. 
The property part of the tax is included for the purpose of placing 
an extra tax burden upon income from property. It is assumed (1) 
that such income is able to carry a one-third greater tax burden than 
income from other sources, and (2) that the income from a property is 
equivalent to one-twentieth of its assessed value. The product of 
one-third and one-twentieth (one-sixtieth) 1s the factor used to reduce 
the property value to the income basis. The amount so derived is 
added to the net income. From this sum is deducted the personal 
exemption, which is equal to twice the personal exemption under the 
communal income-real estate tax. The amount left after these de- 
ductions is called the ‘taxable amount.” The tax base is determined 
by applying progressive rates (not tax rates) to the taxable amount. 
For individual persons and undivided estates of deceased persons, these 
rates range from 3 percent on that portion of the taxable amount up 
to 10,000 kronor ($2,680) to 15 percent on that portion above 1,000,000 
kronor ($268,000), but the tax base must in no case exceed 12 percent 
of the total taxable amount. For Swedish corporations the tax base 
constitutes from 1.5 to 12 percent of the taxable amount, depending 
on the ratio of the taxable amount to the capital and surplus of the 
company. The tax of each taxpayer is determined by applying a flat 
tax rate to the tax base. This tax rate varies from year to year in 
accordance with the revenue needs of the National Government. In 
1928 the tax rate was 145 percent. It should be remembered that the 
tax base is only 1.5 to 12 percent of the taxable amount (adjusted 
income). 
49 Svensk Forfattningssamling, 1928, no. 373, pp. 1097-1114. 
