44 MISC. PUBLICATION 3 9 5, U. S. DEPT. OP AGRICULTURE 



One Hundred Eastern Forest Trees ^ 



Name 



Distribution 



Characteristics 



I. 



Eastern white pine {Pinus 



Northeastern and Lake 



Fine timber tree; leaves in clusters of 





strobus) . 



States and Appalachian 

 Mountains. 



5, 3 to 5 inches long. 



2. 



Jack pine (Pinus bank- 



Northern tree, best growth 



Common on sandy soil; leaves in 





siana). 



north of Lake Superior. 



clusters of 2, H to \]4 inches long. 



3. 



Red pine {Pinus resinosa) . . 



Northern tree, associated 



Leaves in clusters of 2, 5 to 6 inches 







with white pine. 



long. 



4. 



Pitch pine {Pinus rigida) . . 



Northeastern and middle 



Leaves in clusters of 3, 3 to 5 inches 







Atlantic States. 



long. 



5. 



Loblolly pine {Pinus tceda) . 



Southeastern United 



Leaves in clusters of 3, 6 to 9 inches 







States — Coastal plain, 



long. Cone, 2 to 3 inches in 







New Jersey to Texas. 



diameter. 



6. 



Shortleaf pine {Pinus echi- 



Middle Atlantic and South- 



Leaves in clusters of 2 and sometimes 





natd). 



ern States, with hard- 



3, 3 to 5 inches long. Cone small. 







wood trees. Piedmont 



1 to 2 inches in diameter. 







uplands. New Jersey to 









Texas. 





7. 



Spruce pine {Pinus glabra) . 



Southeastern States 



Leaves in clusters of 2, 1^ to 3 inches 

 long. 

 Do. 



8. 



Virginia pine (Scrub pine) 



Middle Atlantic States to 





{Pinus Virginiana). 



Indiana. 





9. 



Pond pine {Pinus rigida 



Southeastern States in 



Leaves 6 to 8 inches long, tree simi- 





serotina). 



Coastal Plain. Scattered. 



lar to pitch pine but cones remain 

 closed for several years. Cone 

 egg-shaped. 



10. 



Slash pine {Pinus caribaea) . 



Southeastern and Gulf 



Leaves in clusters of 2, sometimes 3, 







States, in poorly drained 



8 to 12 inches long. Important 







soils; uplands in Georgia, 



turpentine tree. 







associated with longleaf 









pine. 





11. 



Longleaf pine {Pinus palus- 



South Atlantic and Gulf 



Leaves in clusters of 3, 8 to 18 inches 





tris). 



States. 



long. Important turpentine tree. 



12. 



Tamarack or Eastern Larch 



Northeastern and Lake 



Leaves needle-shape, h to \}4 inches 





{Larix laricina). 



States and in Canada to 



long, in dense, brush-like clusters; 







Alaska; best growth in 



falling off in winter. 







Canada. 





13. 



White spruce {Picea glaucd) 



Northeastern and Lake 



Leaves }i to ^ inch long, arranged 







States and Canada. 



singly around the smooth twigs; 

 whitish. 



14. 



Black spruce {Picea mari- 



Northeastern and Lake 



Similar to white spruce, but twigs 





ana). 



States and in Canada to 



are minutely hairy; cones strongly 







Alaska. 



attached. 



15. 



Red spruce {Picea rubra) . . 



Northeastern States, Can- 



Similar to black spruce, but cones 







ada, and Appalachian 



begin to fall when ripe. 







Mountains. 





16. 



Eastern hemlock {Tsuga 



Northern and Eastern 



Leaves M to % inch long, attached 





canadensis). 



States and in mountains 



by tiny leafstalks; cones ^ to H 







to Georgia. 



inch long. 



17. 



Baldcypress {Taxodium dis- 



South Atlantic and Gulf 



Leaves M to H inch long, falling off 





tichum). 



States; in swamps. 



in winter; cones ball-like. 



18. 



Balsam fir {Abies balsamed) . 



Northeastern and Lake 



Leaves 32 to IH inches long; cones 







States to southwest Vir- 



upright, falling to pieces when ripe. 







ginia. 





® Eastern half of United States. Most of these are important as commercial timber trees; a few 

 however, are small sized and included because of their botanical importance and wide occurrence in 

 mixture with timber trees, paricularly in second-growth forests. 



All of the trees in the United States are similarly described and additional information about our 

 forests is given in U. S. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 217, Forest Trees and 

 Forest Regions of the United States. 



