INSECT ENEMIES OF WESTERN FORESTS 



119 



Figure 53. — The lodgepole sawfly (Neodiprion burkei) : A, Egg pockets in 

 needle and very young caterpillars feeding, x 1.5; B, larvae at work, 

 natural size; C, hibernating prepupa, X 4; D, pupa, X 4; E, adult female, 

 X 4; F, adult male, X 4. 



heads, and black eyes, and are about 1 inch long when mature. 

 This species developed a severe outbreak in 1921 over a large area 

 of lodgepole pine at West Yellowstone, Mont. In the next few 

 years a tremendous acreage of lodgepole pine was defoliated and 

 a large percentage of the trees died. This outbreak was further 

 complicated by a contemporary outbreak of the pine tube moth 

 (see p. 106). Both species were controlled along highways by 

 spraying with lead arsenate. 



Another outbreak of this sawfly defoliated several hundred 

 acres of lodgepole pine in the Klamath Marsh Basin of the Kla- 

 math Indian Reservation in 1941-45. Heavily defoliated isolated 

 trees and less vigorous trees in the stand succumbed from repeated 

 defoliation, but fully 90 percent of the defoliated stand recovered, 

 although much reduced in vigor and growth rate. The species ap- 



