INSECT ENEMIES OF EASTERN FORESTS S3 
The larvae, like those of most other species in the family, live under 
stones in rapidly flowing water where they feed on other aquatic 
life. They live for nearly 3 3 years in the water and then crawl up on 
the bank to pupate in earthen cells under stones or logs. 
The hellgrammite is one of the finest fish baits found in fresh- 
water streams. It ranks ona par with the large angleworms, “night- 
crawlers,” and can always be depended on if there are any fish biting. 
The white blotches of the ego masses which persist for several years 
unfailingly indicate the presence of these insects in the stream, and 
a search under flat stones in the most rapid water will not likely 
prove futile. The larvae are readily taken by placing a landing net 
downstream and lifting or turning the flat stones under which they 
live. Early in the summer large numbers can be collected on the shore 
opposite rapids by turning over logs and stones, under which the full- 
grown larvae have crawled to pupate and transform to the adult 
stage. 
THE APHIS LIONS, OR LACEWINGS 
Famity CHRYSOPIDAE 
Aphis lons, or lacewing flies, are common insects found on the 
fohage of trees where they feed on aphids. They are the larvae and 
adults, respectively, of the same insect. The mature insect has a con- 
spicuous yellowish-green color and delicate and prominent lacelike 
wings which are e arched over its body when at rest. The larvae are 
spindle- shaped, flattened, slow-moving forms with long mandibles. 
The eggs are laid at the tips of tall threadlike stalks attached to the 
leaves. 
THE ANT LIONS 
FamIty MYRMELEONTIDAE 
Tiny, conical pits, or craters, in dry, dusty, or sandy spots along 
the sides of houses, under overhanging cliffs, or other protected places 
furnish the best evidence of the presence of these insects. At the 
bottom of each pit is a small, robust, fusiform larva with a pair of 
strong, projecting mandibles waiting to grasp an unlucky ant that 
may stumble into the pitlike trap. In case the ant lion does not grasp 
the ant on the first attempt, it throws a shower of sand over the 
victim which carries it to the vortex of the pit, where it is finally seized 
and devoured. The adult is a slender insect with large, delicate wings, 
and with a slow, apparently aimless flight. 
THE MAYFLIES 
OrpeR EPHEMEROPTERA 
The Mayflies are frail, delicate insects, with four (rarely two) tri- 
angular, many-veined wings, the hind ones quite small. Many have 
two or three long, frail caudal setae. Some have a pecuhar divided 
eye, one part with large facets adapted to use at night, the other with 
small facets for daylight vision. They have an “incomplete meta- 
morphosis. As the Latin name of the order indicates, they live only 
a few hours as adults, although the naiads may live for from seve1 ral 
weeks to 2 or 3 years. 
