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INSECT ENEMIES OF EASTERN FORESTS 
SuperFaAMity APHOIDEA 
FIELD KEY TO THE APHIDS, BASED PRINCIPALLY ON HOST PLANTS 
Gh): 
(2). 
(3). 
(4). 
(5). 
(5). 
(4), 
(8). 
(2). 
(10). 
(11). 
(12). 
(13). 
(11). 
(15). 
(16). 
Aphids causing galls or gall-like formations 
Not causing galls or gall-like formations 
On conifers 
OIA S EU Ce ee ere Serer ree Se OE nt PE Pe ol ile te 
Causing only terminal galls or gall-like formations 
Causing galls other than terminal galls 
lemnnalecallsscompact; calle emo erie Se 
Terminal galls larger, composed of entire new growth with needles 
thickened at base, or loose and on current growth___________ 
Terminal galls conelike, compact; on new growth. On black, Engel- 
mann, red, or Sitka spruce__Pineus pinifoliae (Fitch) (p. 138). 
Terminal galls small, not conelike, on current year’s growth. On 
spruce, mostly red and black_Chermes strobilobius Kalt. (p. 137). 
Terminal galls comprising entire new growth and causing thicken- 
ing of needles at base. On black and red spruce___________- 
Pineus floccus (Patch) (p. 138). 
Terminal gall a loose growth. On Engelmann, Norway, white, 
black, and red spruce___-_-__- Pineus similis (Gillette) (p. 138). 
Causing galls on entire new growth of spruce host. On blue, Engel- 
mann, oriental, and Sitka spruce_Chermes cooleyi Gill. (p. 135). 
Causing pineapple-shaped galls only at base of new growth of 
SOIC @ eee Meee Soe eee ey Sac 2 RS Se ee Ce de ee ee ae Dit 
Galls with very short needles. On white and Norway spruce____ 
Chermes lariciatus Patch (p. 137). 
Galls with longer needles. On white, red, and Norway spruce__ 
Chermes abietis L. (p. 134). 
On hickory or pecan, causing green, hollow, bulletlike galls on 
twigs or leaf stems in June_________~- Phylloxera spp. (p. 138). 
Ongothershard woods ae sr Oe ae See eee eae le 
leavess~ Insect 1 to 1144 mm: long, color reddish___---____-_._- 
Cobaishia ulmifusus W. & R. (p. 1381). 
Galls not spindle-shaped. On various elms________.._-_-+---- 
Causing leaf curl or root swellings__________- Eriosoma (p. 129). 
Causing cockscomb or pouchlike galls on upper surface of leaves_ - 
Color pale yellow, translucent, or head greenish black and 
abdomen and thorax dark green, covered with white waxy 
powder. On leaves of slippery and wych elm, producing cocks- 
comb or pouchlike galls on upper surface__ Tetraneura (p. 131). 
Color olive green to dark olive brown or reddish brown; }% to 1% 
mm. long. On leaves, causing only cockscomb galls on upper 
SUT Ce ties Shahn se hed Sat ea Re ee Sa Colopha (p.130) 
On apple or serviceberry, causing leaf curl and leaf swellings. 
About 2 mm. long; color yellowish or brown to reddish, usually 
with white or bluish flocculence____-__-- Eriosoma (p. 129). 
Onvovhershosts a2 sees eae A CUNT ake Se ral, eee 
OO OT eh ee ee eS ES ak is 2 eee 
@nimwie nina Zeltser weet oF Sy a Ee, Be BEES oa aay 
Causing convolute galls at tips of branches. Insects 1 to 4 mm. 
long; head and thorax black, abdomen pale; oviparous female 
with head, thorax, and abdomen golden yellow. 
Mordwilkoja (p. 133). 
Occurring on leaves and petioles, causing galls at base of leaf, 
juncture of leaf and petiole, or on petiole. Insects 1 to 8 mm. 
long; color greenish or yellowish green to greenish white, head 
and thorax usually dark ; body often pruinose_- Pemphigus (p. 133) 
109 
NJ OMOoP 
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