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140 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Ficgtre 30.—Adult females and young scales of Jcerya purchasi on acacia. 
(Courtesy Conn. Agr. Expt. Sta.) 
When present in large numbers, this scale may cause considerable 
injury, especially to small, immature trees. In New England heavily 
infested trees are characterized in mid-July by a fading, or * ‘flageing.” 
of new growth. Trees that have borne heavy infestations for several 
years may be either killed or badly deformed through the loss of 
leaders and branches. This scale may be controlled by applying a 
contact insecticide, such as lime-sulfur (1 to 40), immediately after 
all eggs have hatched in the spring ( Parr, 337). 
Species of the genus Aermes, especially galliformis Riley, kingii 
CkIL., pettzti Ehrh., pubescens Bogue, and trinotatus Bogue, are fairly 
common on oaks over much of the eastern part of the United States 
(fig. 31), but are seldom of any importance. 
The ieech scale (Cryptococcus fagi (Baer.)), a European species, 
attacks both American and European beeches and varieties of each. 
Infestations occur throughout the hardwood areas of the Canadian 
Maritime Provinces and Maine, the eastern slope of the White Moun- 
tains in New Hampshire, some localities in Essex, Middlesex, and 
Suffolk Counties, Mass., at Hartford, Conn., and in some localities 
in Nassau, Westchester, and Sullivan Counties, N. Y. 
In the Maritime Provinces and locally in Maine this scale has 
been associated with considerable mortality of beech in forested areas. 
However, since the killed trees have invariably been attacked by the 
fungus Vectr7a, the exact relation of the scale to this widespread kill- 
ing of trees has not been completely established. 
The beech scale has but one generation each year. In the southern 
part of the infested region, eggs are laid early in the summer and 
hatch by midsummer. The winter is passed in the nymphal stage. 
Although this sc: ae is fairly hardy, it is susceptible to winter tem- 
peratures below —35° F. Populations are affected to some extent by 
