192 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
fr requently ¢ causing considerable injury to hickory saplings; A. politus 
(Say), which forms galls on willow and striped maple; A. politus 
pseudocoryli Fisher, which forms galls on stems of hazelnut; A. 
champlaini Frost, which makes galls « on ironwood (Ostr ya virginiana 
(Miller) Koch.) ; A. 7aglandis Knull, which breeds in the bark of 
living butternut; A. dificilis Gory, which attacks living honeylocust 
and often 1s of considerable importance west of the Mississippi River 
in trees weakened by drought, or defohation. A. qguadriguttutus Gory 
breeds in unhealthy w illows, A. lecontei Saund. and A. celti Knull in 
hackberry. and A. cephalicus Lec. in unhealthy dogwood. A. vittati- 
collis (Rand. ) infests hving C7 ataegus, wild crab. and serviceberry ; 
A. betulae Fisher works in unhealthy river birch A. fuscipennis Gor y 
breeds in living persimmon, and A. egenus Gory 1s a common species 
in locust in Ohio. 
The turpentine borer (uprestis apricans Hbst.) is a grayish- 
bronze, slightly flattened elliptical beetle about 30 mm. long by 3 to 9 
mm. wide, with a greenish, metallic lustre. It has longitudinal rows 
of large punctures on each wing cover (fig. 40, 4). The larvae have 
the ty pical flatheaded form and when fully mature are about 40 mm. 
long. The dorsal and ventral prothoracic plates are roughened with 
fine asperities, the dorsal marked by an impressed short-trunked Y 
and the ventral with a deep median groove extending about half its 
length from the posterior to the anterior margin. 
This insect occurs throughout the coastal regions from North Caro- 
lina to Texas, attacking longleaf and possibly other southern pines, 
and slash. The adult beetles pass the winter in the pupal cells just 
beneath the surface of the wood and emerge on the first warm days in 
February and March. They feed for some time on the needles in the 
tops of the trees before laying eggs in season checks on the faces of 
turpentined trees, on blazes, or in fire scars. The larvae immediately 
bore into the wood, mining extensively through the sap- and heart- 
wood for a period of 3 years. In their last season they construct the 
pupal cell late in the summer and transform to adults in the fall. 
Figure 40.—Buprestis apricans: A, Adult beetle, X 2; B, a wind-thrown tree, 
a direct result of damage by the larvae. 
