218 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
KEY TO LARVAE OF THE MORE COMMON WOOD- AND FUNGUS-INFESTING 
TENEBRIONIDAE—Continued 
14. Trochanter and femur of all legs similarly armed with small, seta- 
bearing spines; length to 42 mm.; under bark of decaying hard- 
woods and softwoods; a northern and western species _/phthimus 
Trochanter and femur of all legs not similarly armed; anterior pair 
provided with large, coarse, blunt, seta-bearing spines or granules; 
the second and third pairs armed with much smaller ones; length 
to 42 mm.; from beneath the bark of decaying hardwoods; and 
Casterm and southern species aa oe ee ee Alobates 
COMMON TENEBRIONIDS 
Adults and larvae of Corticeus (Hyphophloeus) (fig. 46, J) are 
found in the runways of barkbeetles on infested trees, especially pines, 
where they occur as associates. Many of the earlier investigators be- 
lieved these forms to be predaceous, but Struble (400), after conducting 
numerous tests with fungi and beetles, reported them in 1930 to be 
entirely phytophagous. The beetles appear as soon as the primary 
invading bark beetles’ tunnels and ventilation holes are completed. 
The adults are small, cylindrical, elongate, reddish brown or black, and 
about 34, inch long. The larvae are elongate, fleshy forms, less than 
142 inch long. ‘The terminal segment is brownish, and often nearly 
semicircular in shape. 
The common eastern form, Corticeus parallelus Melsh., infests bur- 
rows of the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm. ) 
in various southern pines and the burrows of /ps engraver beetles in 
these and various pines occurring in the Eastern and Central States. 
C. cavus Lec. has similar associations, and also infests the galleries of 
the hickory bark beetle (Scolytus quadrispinosus Say) and tunnels of 
ambrosia beetles, such as Xyleborus celsus Eich., in dead hickory 
trees. C. glaber Lec., in addition to being associated with Zps avulsus 
Eich. in southern pines like longleaf pine, also inhabits the tunnels 
of Polygraphus (Lepisomus) rufipennis Kby. in red spruce. C. Tenuis 
Lec. is sometimes found in association with Pityophthorus species in 
white pine. (. thoracicus Melsh. occurs in tunnels of Yyleborus sp., 
as well as in those of insects which infest sweetgum. C. piliger Lec. 
has been taken in the burrows of [ps calligraphus ; Germ. in yellow pine 
in the East. 
Next to Corticeus, the genus Strongylium is of interest because of 
the habit of attacking wounded areas in living trees. Larvae of S. 
tenuiolle Say (fig. 46, F) and S. terminatum Say have been found in 
fire-scarred and injured areas in living trees such as chestnut, beech, red 
gum, oaks, hackberry, maple, sour gum, and yellow poplar, and also in 
pine. 
Other tenebrionids which are commonly found in decaying hard- 
woods, such as yellow poplar, chestnut, hickory, oak, maple, birch, 
ash, gum, and persimmon are Mercantha contracta Beauv. (fig. 46, H), 
Scotobates calcaratus ¥F. (fig. 45, D), Alobates pennsylvanica Deg. 
X ylopinus saperdioides Oliv. 5 A. aenescens Lec., Vloma imberbis, Lec., “ 
Merinus laevis Oliv., and Haplandrus femoratus F. Scotobates some- 
times infests pine logs also. A/obates has been found in hackberry, as 
well as in the other hardwoods mentioned, Jphthimus sp. infests de- 
caying tamarack and pine, as well as sycamore and other hardwoods. 
> 
Upis ceramboides I attacks hardwoods as white birch, maple, etc., 
