INSECT ENEMIES OF EASTERN FORESTS 279 
Xanthonia 10-notata (Say) on oak, beech, and elm, and Z'ymmnes tri- 
color F. and 7. metasternalis Cr. on oak and hazel. 
Famity BRUCHIDAE 
The Pea Weevils 
The pea and bean weevils are pests of the seeds of the cultivated pea 
or the American bean. The family to which they belong is closely 
allied to the true chrysomelids, but differs from most species of that 
family in having short, serrate antennae, and the tip of the abdomen 
exposed. They differ from all chrysomelid species in having the 
mentum distinctly pedunculate. The bruchids also closely resemble 
the anthribid weevils, but the labrum and palpi are of the ordinary 
form, and the head is only shghtly prolonged in front. 
The larvae, which are found in seeds, are small, soft-bodied, and 
curved, having the head deeply embedded in the thorax. The legs are 
weak and fleshy and have three to five joints. The mandibles are gouge- 
like, the ventral mouth parts somewhat retracted and fleshy, and the 
labial stipes and mentum are fused and bear a distinct shieldlike 
plate. The ligula is large and fleshy, there are no labial palpi, and the 
hypopharyngeal bracon is absent. 
Amblycerus robiniae (¥.), which is distributed over the eastern part 
of the United States and west to Texas, is the only important bruchid 
in the forest. The reddish-brown, oval beetles, which are about 7 mm. 
Jong, have five transverse rows of black spots on the elytra, and are 
clothed with grayish-yellow hairs. ‘They frequent the leaves and bark 
crevices of honeylocust on the pods of which the eggs are laid, and the 
larvae feed in the seeds. Gibbobruchus mimus (Say) attacks the seeds 
of redbud (Cercis canadensis L.). Caryobruchus gleditsiae (1.) 
has been reared from palmetto seeds in Louisiana. One of the most 
satisfactory methods of treating stored seed is to add about 1 pound of 
naphthalene to each bushel of seed and keep the seed in a tight con- 
tainer. Paradicholorobenzene is also effective. Fumigation with cer- 
tain other chemicals should be resorted to when large quantities of 
seed are involved (Back and Cotton, /7). 
RHYNCHOPHORA 
THE SNOUT BEETLES 
By H. J. MacALoNEY 
The snout beetles, or Rhynchophora, form a natural group that can 
be readily distinguished from the remainder of the Coleoptera by the 
head of the adult which is more or less prolonged to form a beak or 
snout, the gular sutures, which are united in a median line, and the 
joints of the palpi, which are usually rigid. This suborder has been 
treated extensively by Blatchley and Leng (49). 
The larvae of these weevils, with the exception of a few unusual 
forms, are superficially so similar that for present purposes it 1s 1m- 
practical to describe them by any easily recognized characters. For 
the same reason, larval keys for only the more distinct family groups 
have been treated in the discussion of the order Coleoptera. 
The body form of the larvae is quite characteristic and similar 
