INSECT ENEMIES OF EASTERN FORESTS lal 
half as wide. It is readily recognized by the presence of a rather 
long subeapitate spine arising from the anterior third of the second 
abdominal sternite and extending backward, and by the fact that the 
elytra are rounded at the top. 
FicurE 61.—The smaller European elm bark beetle (Scolytus multistriatus ) : 
A, Adult, X 15; B, larva, X 13; C, pupa; D, feeding scar made by adult in 
small elm crotch; #, adult of the native elm bark beetle (Hylurgopinus rufipes). 
This species is widely distributed in Europe and was accidentally 
introduced into this country sometime prior to 1909, when it was found 
to be firmly established in the vicinity of Boston, Mass. It is also 
known to occur in New Hampshire, western Connecticut and Massa- 
