394 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Since there are so many species that may be termed “climbing cut- 
worms,” all cannot be discussed here. Those most commonly found 
injuring forest and shade trees and shrubs are species belonging to 
the following genera: Huxoa, Chorizagrotis, Feltia, Agrotis, Peri- 
droma, Lampra, Polia, Morrisonia, Sideridis, Ceramica, Homohadena, 
Graptolitha, Constra, Amphipyra, Prodenia, Laphygma, and Dras- 
teria. Crumb (/25) listed 30 species, together with descriptions of 
the larvae, their distribution and food plants. Phipps (352) listed 
25 species, together with information on their seasonal history, im- 
portance, and for some species a description of the stages, and Schaff- 
ner and Griswold (375) listed many species, together with data on 
their food plants, seasonal history, and parasites. 
Many species, about which little is known, undoubtedly are of more 
economic importance than is generally realized. Polia latew (Guen.) 
and several species of Graptolitha are sometimes locally abundant in 
the woodlands in the Northeastern States, and, although no complete 
defoliation by them has ever been recorded, their feeding during these 
periods of abundance must affect the vitality of their food plants. 
The full-grown larva of the green fruitworm (Graptolitha anten- 
nata (Wlkr.)) is about 114 inches in length, and pale green with a 
yellowish-green head. The body has a rather broad white or yellow- 
ish-white, longitudinal, dorsal stripe and on each side a narrower 
broken subdorsal and a broad irregular stigmatal stripe of the same 
color. The skin is smooth and minutely dotted with white, but the 
white, slightly raised tubercles give it a roughened appearance. This 
species is distributed through the eastern part of the United States 
and Canada. The larvae feed on apple, ash, maple, and other de- 
ciduous growths. Maple and ash trees were defoliated in local out- 
breaks in New York and Vermont a few years ago. It also causes 
serious Injury to the green fruit of apple, pear, and cherry. The 
moths emerge during the fall, hibernate, and lay their eggs early in 
spring. The larvae feed from May to July and pupate in the ground. 
The full-grown larva of Orthosia hibisci (Guen.) (=Graphiphora 
alia auct.) 1s about 114 inches long. The head is pale, mottled with 
brown, the body hght green with five longitudinal, white or cream- 
colored lines, the median line narrow, the subdorsal line somewhat 
broken and the stigmatal line generally rather broad and extending 
downward onto the anal proleg. The skin is smooth, and the upper 
part of the body is speckled with minute white dots. This species 
ranges from Maine through the Eastern, Northern, and Middle States, 
and is sometimes abundant locally. The larvae feed on the opening 
buds and foliage of apple, ash, birch, horsechestnut, oak, rhododen- 
dron, willow, and other trees and shrubs. Sometimes they cause con- 
siderable injury by chewing holes in the small, green fruit of apple 
and pear. The larvae are sometimes mistaken for those of Grapto- 
litha antennata, but can be readily distinguished from them by their 
smooth skin and somewhat smaller head. ‘The moths emerge in March 
and April, the larvae may be found from April until early in July, and 
the winter is passed in the pupal stage in the ground. 
The full-grown larva of Feralia jocosa (Guen.) is about 114 inches 
in length. The head is yellowish to hght brown, the body hght green 
with pale dorsal, subdorsal, and stigmatal stripes, the latter bordered 
above with a red stripe. This species occurs in the southeastern part 
