404 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
that survived some of the large branches and large portions of the tops 
were killed. Quite often large numbers of the green-striped maple 
worm (Anisota rubicunda) are associated with outbreaks of Hetero- 
campa guttivitta. 
The moth of Heterocampa manteo (Dbldy.) is ashy gray with a 
wing expanse of about 114 to 134 inches. The forewing markings are 
rather indistinct, and the hind wings have a brownish tinge. The full. 
grown larva is about 114 inches long with very variable coloration. 
The head is large with two broad, lateral bands, the inner brown or 
black and the outer cre amy white. The body is smooth, yellowish 
green with a pale, mid-dorsal longitudinal line, and with more or less 
reddish-brown coloration on each side bordered laterally by a creamy 
yellow stripe, below which is a yellowish, stigmatal stripe. This 
species is known to occur in the eastern part of the United States from 
Maine to South Carolina and Alabama, and west to the Lake States. 
Its food plants include oak, beech, basswood, paper birch, elm, and 
other deciduous trees. In the Northeastern States, the moths emerge, 
for the most part, during June and July. The larvae may be found 
from July to October. The winter is passed in the leafmold or topsoil 
as prepupal larvae. Laboratory records indicate that occasionally 
some prepupal larvae remain dormant i in the soil throughout an entire 
year. It isa rather common species in the hardwood forests, occasion- 
ally causing severe defoliation in sporadic outbreaks, and is often asso- 
ciated with , Symmerista albicosta and S. albifrons. 
Heterocampa umbrata (Wlkr.) is found on maple and oak: H. 
-biundata (Wlkr.) on beech, birch, wild cherry, maple, and other decid- 
uous gr ae and H. bilineata (Pack.) on elm and birch. Their life 
cycles are similar to that of 7. guttivitta. 
The larva of Yicentria lignicolor (Wlkr.) closely resembles those of 
species of Schizura. The full-grown larva is about 114 inches in 
length. The head is bilobed and ‘pale, with a dark, brawaet irregular 
branched band on each side of the face, meeting on the vertex. These 
bands outline small, whitish patches on the face. On the first abdom1- 
nal segment there is a large dorsal tubercle which is shghtly cleft and 
each terminal wart has a dark hair. The eighth abdominal segment 
has a smaller, brownish tubercle. The sides of the thoracic segments 
are deep pea green, as are also in part the sides and backs of abdominal 
segments 4 to9. The venter anda long, triangular patch on the back 
of the thorax, the first three and tenth abdominal seoments, and the 
venter and part of the sides of other segments are marked with shades 
of light brown and reddish brown. There is also a hght patch on the 
back of the sixth abdominal segment. 
This species has been recor ded from Maine to Georgia and west to 
Texas and South Dakota. Its food plants include various species of 
oak and beech. In the Northeastern States the moths emerge in July 
and August, the larvae are found from August to October, and the 
winter is passed as prepupal larvae in tough parchmentlike cocoons on 
the ground. 
The moth of the red-humped caterpillar (Schizura concinna (A. 
& §.)) is grayish brown with a wing expanse of from 1 to 18 inches. 
The forewings are obscurely marked, but the hind wings are nearly 
concolorous. The full-grown larva is about 1 inch long. The head 
is coral red, the body is marked with black and y ellowish | lines, and on 
