406 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
dish blotches usually most prominent on the thoracic segments and 
the abdominal segments 3 to 9. In some of the earlier instars the 
head is without the lateral stripe, and there are no pink spots on the 
body. This species favors the cooler regions and ranges from Canada 
to the Middle States and west to Colorado. The native poplars are the 
favored food plants, particularly Populus tremuloides. There is at 
least a partial second generation in some localities. The moths emerge 
late in May and in June, and in July and August; the larvae may be 
found from June to September, and the winter is passed in the pupal 
stage on the ground in cocoons composed of silk and leaves. 
Famiry LYMANTRIIDAE (LIPARIDAE) 
The Tussock Moths or Liparids 
The family Lymantriidae includes some of the most serious defoli- 
ators in the United States. The moths are rather plain in appearance 
and of medium size. The females of some species are wingless, others, 
though winged, have such a heavy body that they are unable to fly, or 
for only short distances, but others are rather strong flyers. Both 
sexes whien winged have pectinate antennae, those of the males very 
prominent, but the wingless females have rather narrowly pectinate 
or serrate antennae. In a few species the female uses the abdominal 
hairs for packing and covering her eggs, and others coat them with a 
viscid secretion which hardens and forms a protective covering. The 
hairs of some species, in all the stages, are poisonous to man when they 
come in contact with the skin. This is particularly true of the brown- 
tail moth. 
The larvae of our native species are hairy and have conspicuous 
dorsal tufts of hairs on certain segments, hence the common name 
“tussockmoths.” Some of the native species and those introduced 
species that have become established in this country are marked with 
brightly colored spots, stripes, or tubercles. 
The male moth of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa 
leucostigma (A. & §.)) is ashy gray with feathery antennae and 
has a wing expanse of about 114 inches. The forewings have wavy 
bands of a darker shade and a conspicuous white spot near the anal 
angie. The female is wingless and has simple antennae. Its body is 
stout, hairy, and of a dirty-white color. The eggs are deposited in a 
mass on the old cocoon, and are covered with a frothlike substance 
which hardens and forms a protective covering. The egg masses are 
from ¥% to 84 inch long. The full-grown larva is about 11/, “inches long. 
It can be identified by its coral- red head, the pair of upright pencils of 
long black hairs on the prothorax and another black tuft on the eighth 
abdominal segment, the brushlike tuft of white or yellowish hairs on 
each of the first four abdominal segments, and the reddish dots on the 
sixth and seventh abdominal segments. The body is slender, cream 
yellow, with a broad black longitudinal stripe on the back and a 
broader, grayish one on each side. The sides of the body are clothed 
in white and blackish hairs radiating from rows of small yellow 
tubercles. 
This species occurs in the eastern part of the United States and 
Canada, and west into Colorado and British Columbia. It is a rather 
general feeder on foliage of deciduous trees and shrubs. The more 
