INSECT ENEMIES OF EASTERN FORESTS 429 
during July, August, and September. The winter is passed in the 
pupal stage, and the moths emerge in June and July. 
The moth of Physostegania pustularia (Guen.) has a wing expanse 
of about 1 inch and is a delicate, pure-white insect. The forewings 
are marked with four brownish spots on the costal margin, from 
the inner three of which arise slender brownish lines. These lines 
may be faint or entirely absent in some specimens. The full-grown 
larva is about 5g inch in length. The head is pale green, slightly 
bilobed, and the mandibles are , tipped with black. The body i is green 
marked by a double, longitudinal, whitish, dorsal line, bordering which 
are thickly set yellowish- white lines, and the spaces ‘between the seg- 
ments are yellowish. The skin on the body is much wrinkled. This 
species occurs in the northeastern part of the United States and west 
into the Mississippi Valley. It is sometimes very abundant locally. 
Red maple is its favored food plant. The larvae feed during May 
and June, and the moths emerge late in June and July. 
The full-grown larva of Semiothisa granitata (Guen.) is about 7% 
inch in length, ight green, sometimes with a brownish tinge above. 
The head is brownish on the sides, the face much lighter, and the body 
has a hght, longitudinal stripe on each side of the back between 
which are two finer lines. 
This species is found in the northeastern part of the United States, 
and its larvae feed on white pine, spruce, fir, and larch. The moths 
emerge in June, the larvae are present from July to September, and 
the winter is passed in the pupal stage in the duff on the ground. The 
full-grown larva of S. ocellinata (Guen.) is about 1 inch in length 
and green with a reddish tinge. The red is composed of many obscure 
wavy lines. This species is found in the Northeastern States, and the 
larvae feed on black locust. The larvae are active in June and J uly, 
and the moths emerge in July or August. 
The full-grown larva of the currant spanworm (/tame ribearia 
(Fitch) ) is a little over 1 inch in length, ight yellow, and dotted with 
black. It isa common species in the Northeastern States. The larvae 
feed on currant, and are found from the time the leaves open in May 
until June or early in July. The moths emerge in July. 
The full-grown larva of Hufidonia notataria (Wlkyr.) is about 1 inch 
long. The body is deep green with a narrow, subdorsal and stigmatal 
white stripe and a oreenish- white line on the back. The head has a 
light brownish tinge. According to Dyar’s list (/4/a) this species is 
distributed thr ough the Atlantic States. Its food plant is white pine. 
The moths emerge late in May and in June, the larvae are found from 
July to September, and the winter is passed in the pupal stage. 
The full-grown larva of Melanolophia canadaria (Guen.) is about 
114 inches in length. The head is rather flat, oblique, and pale green- 
ish, sometimes tinged with hght brown. The body is smooth and 
greenish, and has a broad subdorsal str ipe on each side, separated on 
the back by a broken purplish-brown line. The stigmatal stripe is yel- 
lowish suffused with purplish red, and the venter is greenish, tinged 
with purplish brown. This species is widely distributed in the United 
States and Canada. Its food plants include wild cherry, basswood, 
oak, and sweetgale. Some authors list also hemlock, larch, pine, and 
spruce. The moths emerge in May and June, the eggs hatch in about 
