INSECT ENEMIES OF EASTERN FORESTS 487 
The moth of the arborvitae leaf miner (Argyresthia thuiella 
(Pack.) ) varies from white to hght gray and has a wing expanse of %% 
inch. The forewings are marked with brown including ¢ a median band 
broken below the costa; the hind wings are hght fuscous. The larva 
is about 1 inch in length. The head and cervical shield are shiny 
black, the body is green with a reddish tinge, and the legs and anal 
plate are black. It is recorded from Canada south to ‘the Middle 
Atlantic States and west to Missouri. Its food plant is arborvitae. 
The moths issue from late in May to early in July, depending somewhat 
on the season and the locality. The eggs are deposited on the inner 
edges of the leaves. The young larvae enter the leaves and excavate 
small areas between the upper and lower leaf surfaces (fig. 115). They 
hibernate as partly grown larvae in their mines and continue their 
mining again in the spring, maturing in May or June. Pupation takes 
place in the mines. 
The mined leaves turn brown, giving the trees a sickly and unsightly 
appearance. Probably its greatest injury is on hedges and specimen 
trees in ornamental plantings. Although severe infestations some- 
times occur in the forests it is doubtful that serious permanent injury 
results. Mecurvaria thujaella Kearf. and Argyresthia freyella Wlism. 
are often associated with this insect and their work may be confused. 
The latter species also attacks red cedar. The most efficient control 
measure now known is a combined spray of lead arsenate and 40- 
percent nicotine sulfate (p. 53) applied at the time the moths are 
flying. The nicotine is applied as an ovicide and the lead arsenate to 
poison the young larvae which hatch from eggs missed by the contact 
spray. 
The moth of Atteva aurea (Fitch) is orange to brownish, with a 
wing expanse of about 1 to 114 inches. The forewings have alternate 
bands, four of orange and four of pale yellow, the y ellow being cut into 
rounded spots by a fine black network. The hind wings are translucent 
and smoky. The larva is dark olive brown with w hite lines. Ailan- 
thus is the preferred food plant, and the larvae live gregariously in a 
web. This species ranges from New York to Tllinois and southward, 
and is sometimes very common in the Southern States. It is believed 
by some authors that this insect was introduced from South America. 
The moth of the European honeysuckle leaf roller (Harpipteryx 
wylostella (L.)) is brown with the head and top of thorax white. It 
has a wing expanse of about 84 inch. The forewings are strongly 
falcate, dark reddish brown, with the inner margin broadly marked 
with whitish or lemon yellow, including a fine spur extending upward 
beyond the end of the cell. The hind wings are grayish brown. The 
full-grown larva is about 84 inch long. The head is mottled with 
yellow and brown, and the body is yellowish green with a broad, longi- 
tudinal, dorsal, reddish band. ‘This is an introduction from Europe, 
first reported in this country near Boston, Mass., but now known to 
occur from Maine to New York. It is a leaf roller on bush honey- 
suckle (Lonicerasp.). The moths emerge late in Juneand July. Ap- 
parently the winter is passed in the egg stage, as the larvae feed in 
May and June. It is sometimes abundant, causing considerable con- 
cern to owners of ornamental shrubs. 
