518 MISC. PUBLICATION 657, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
infestation. brownish 
spots, suggestive of a 
fungus disease. The in- 
jury is confined to the 
hew growth, and a cer- 
tain measure of control 
seems assured if the leaf 
tips of the new growth 
are sprayed with a nico- 
tine-soap solution. 
Asphondylia  azaleae 
Felt, the pinkster bud 
gall (fig. 137), produces 
a brownish fusiform gall 
about 14 inch long. 
ROBINIA (LocUST) 
Dasyneura pseudaca- 
ciae (Fitch), the locust 
midge, is responsible for 
the folded young leaflets, 
and Obolodiplosis robin- 
tae (Hald.) makes the 
rolled leaf margins on 
black locust. 
SALIX (WILLOW) 
Figure 137.—Gall on rhododendron caused by Lthabdophaga salicis 
Asphondylia azaleae. (Schr.), the European 
willow gall midge, is an 
introduced species and probably the most injurious of the many 
species that infest willow. The twigs are attacked by the young larvae, 
which form irregularly enlarged galls 1 to 3 cm. long. These galls 
cause brittleness in the willow canes and make them unfit for 
binding or basket making. The most satisfactory control means are 
cutting and burning the infested shoots. . triticolides (Walsh) 
makes the wheat ear gall, which is in reality a bud gall, although not 
usually recognized as such. It is easily detected by the grouped mass 
of abnormal leaves. The twigs are irregularly enlarged, the gall 
being from 1 to 3 cm. long, and the stems between the buds are dwarfed, 
giving a “wheat ear” appearance. This injury stunts the development 
of the tw ig. &. strobiloides (Walsh), the willow cone gall midge, 
is widespread, and produces a pine conelike gall about 2 to 2.5 em. long 
on the terminal branches, thus preventing ‘the twigs from making a 
normal upright growth. The species passes the winter as a cocooned 
larva within the gall, the adult issuing in April or May. &. rhodoides 
(Walsh) makes a large, loose rosette gall (fig. 138) about 1 to 2 em. 
long, “2 1 ytophaga rigidae (OES a). the Resid willow gall fly, pro- 
duces an apical, fusiform, en gall (fig. 139) about 2 cm. in length, 
usually on the lower shoots. The larva of this species is pale orange, 
and overwinters In a channel within the gall, the adult issuing in May. 
