188 MISC. PUBLICATION 42 3, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



1. Zygadenus paniculatus (Nutt.) S. Wats, in King, Geol. Expl. 40th 



Par. 5: 343. 1871. 



Helonias paniculata Nutt., Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Jour. 7: 57. 

 • 1834. 



Toxicoscordion paniculatum Rydb., Torrey Bot. Club Bui 

 30:272. 1903. 



Apache County to Coconino County, 5,500 to 7,500 feet, May. 

 Montana to Washington, New Mexico, northern Arizona, and Cali- 

 fornia. 



Sometimes known as sandcorn. 



2. Zygadenus elegans Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept, 241. 1814. 



Anticlea elegans Rydb., Torrey Bot. Club Bui. 30 : 273. 1903. 



Coconino County and southern Apache County, 5,000 to 10,000 

 feet, rich soil in pine woods, July to August. Saskatchewan to 

 Alaska, New Mexico, and Arizona, 



3. Zygadenus yirescens (H. B. K.) Macbride, Contrib. Gray Herb. 



53: 4. 1918. 



Helonias virescens H. B. K., Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1: 267. 1816. 

 Zygadenus mexicanus (Kunth) Hemsl., Biol. Cent. Amer. Bot. 



3: 382. 1885. 

 Zygadenus porrifolius Greene, Torre v Bot. Club Bui. 8: 123. 



1881. 

 Anticlea porrijolia Rydb., Torrey Bot. Club Bui. 30: 273. 1903. 



"White Mountains (Apache County), Huachuca Mountains (Co- 

 chise County), 6,500 to 11,000 feet, in rich soil in coniferous forests, 

 July to September. New Mexico and Arizona to Central America. 



2. VERATRUM. False-hellebore 



A coarse pubescent herb with tall leafy stems from thick rootstocks; 

 leaves clasping, broad, strongly veined; flowers numerous in an ample 

 panicle, many of them unisexual; perianth glandless, greenish yellow; 

 anthers cordate; styles 3, separate; fruit a 3-lobed capsule. 



1. Veratrum californicum Durand, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Jour. 



ser. 2, 3: 103. 1855. 



Veratrum speciosum Rydb., Torrey Bot. Club Bui. 27: 531. 

 1900. 



White Mountains (Apache County), Mogollon Mesa (Coconino 

 County), Pinaleno Mountains (Graham County), Chiricahua Moun- 

 tains (Cochise County), 7,500 to 9,500 feet, in bogs and wet meadows, 

 July to August, Montana to Washington, south to New Mexico, 

 Arizona, and California. 



This plant is known in New Mexico as "skunkcabbage." The root 

 and young shoots, which contain an alkaloid, veratrin, are poisonous 

 to stock, although seldom eaten. The flowers are poisonous to insects, 

 sometimes causing heavy losses in honeybees. 



3. AXTHERICUM 



Roots thick, cylindric, fascicled; stems scapose; leaves narrow, grass- 

 like; flowers in a slender raceme; perianth orange yellow, the seg- 

 ments narrow, separate or nearly so; fruit an oblong capsule. 



